Vertebral anomalies
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Mous A, Knipe H, Campos A, et al. Vertebral anomalies. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 23 Mar 2025) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-2264
rID:
2264
Article created:
2 May 2008,
Anon Ny Mous
Disclosures:
At the time the article was created Anon Ny Mous had no recorded disclosures.
View Anon Ny Mous's current disclosures
Last revised:
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Henry Knipe had the following disclosures:
- Micro-X Ltd, Shareholder (past)
These were assessed during peer review and were determined to not be relevant to the changes that were made.
View Henry Knipe's current disclosures
Revisions:
23 times, by
15 contributors -
see full revision history and disclosures
Systems:
Synonyms:
- Vertebral anomalies
- Vertebral anomaly
- Congenital vertebral anomalies
- Congenital vertebral abnormalities
- Congenital vertebral abnormality
- Congenital vertebral anomaly
- Vertebral anatomical variation
- Spinal segmentation abnormalities
- Spinal segmentation anomaly
The vertebral column is affected by a range of anatomical variants of the body and/or vertebral arch as well as accessory ossicles. Knowledge of basic vertebral anatomy and ossification is essential for describing and understanding the range of anomalies.
Variant anatomy
Vertebral body
Vertebral arch
Spinous process
deviated spinous process
bifid spinous process (when atypical for the level, e.g. C7)
Transverse process
Accessory ossicles
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Associations
Vertebral anomalies can occur with numerous syndromic as well as non-syndromic conditions including:
References
- 1. Kumar R, Guinto F, Madewell J, Swischuk L, David R. The Vertebral Body: Radiographic Configurations in Various Congenital and Acquired Disorders. Radiographics. 1988;8(3):455-85. doi:10.1148/radiographics.8.3.3380991 - Pubmed
- 2. Wolfgang Dähnert. Radiology Review Manual. (2011) ISBN: 9781609139438 - Google Books
- 3. Chan K, Sartoris D, Haghighi P et al. Cupid's Bow Contour of the Vertebral Body: Evaluation of Pathogenesis with Bone Densitometry and Imaging-Histopathologic Correlation. Radiology. 1997;202(1):253-6. doi:10.1148/radiology.202.1.8988219 - Pubmed
- 4. Patel N, Kumar R, Kinkhabwala M, Wengrover S. Radiology of Lumbar Vertebral Pedicles: Variants, Anomalies and Pathologic Conditions. Radiographics. 1987;7(1):101-37. doi:10.1148/radiographics.7.1.3329356
- 5. Mellado J, Larrosa R, Martín J, Yanguas N, Solanas S, Cozcolluela M. MDCT of Variations and Anomalies of the Neural Arch and Its Processes: Part 2—Articular Processes, Transverse Processes, and High Cervical Spine. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2011;197(1):W114-21. doi:10.2214/ajr.10.5811
- 6. Sangari S, Dossous P, Heineman T, Mtui E. Dimensions and Anatomical Variants of the Foramen Transversarium of Typical Cervical Vertebrae. Anatomy Research International. 2015;2015:1-5. doi:10.1155/2015/391823 - Pubmed
Incoming Links
Articles:
- Bathrocephaly
- Butterfly vertebra
- Fetal MRI
- Horseshoe adrenal gland
- Vertebra
- Congenital anomalies of the posterior atlas arch
- Intervertebral joint
- Cloacal exstrophy
- Pyknodysostosis
- Accessory breast tissue
- VACTERL association
- Block vertebra
- Supernumerary nipples
- Spondylocostal dysostosis
- Juberg-Hayward syndrome
- Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome
- Sacrococcygeal teratoma
- Uterine agenesis
- Hemivertebra
- Hemifacial microsomia
Cases:
- VACTERL association with congenital diaphragmatic hernia
- Arcuate foramen
- Hemivertebrae and cervical rib
- VACTERL association
- Cervical ribs
- Os odontoideum fused to the anterior arch of the atlas
- Lumbar hemivertebra and crossed fused renal ectopia
- Lateral hemivertebra - L4 lumbar vertebra
- Diastematomyelia, tethered cord and butterfly vertebrae
- Diastematomyelia
- Vertebral anomalies - VACTER
- Butterfly vertebra
- Congenital scoliosis
- Block vertebra
- Congenital L3-L4 vertebral body fusion
- Diastematomyelia - type II
- Block vertebra
- Total sacral spina bifida occulta
- Intravertebral cleft sign of vertebral compression fracture
- Atlas fracture with Currarino type A congenital defect
Related articles: Anatomy: Spine
-
osteology
- vertebrae
- spinal canal
- cervical spine
- thoracic spine
- lumbar spine
- sacrum
- coccyx
-
anatomical variants
- vertebral body
- neural arch
- transitional vertebrae
- ossicles
- ossification centres
- intervertebral disc
- articulations
- ligaments
- musculature of the vertebral column
- muscles of the neck
- muscles of the back
-
suboccipital muscle group
- rectus capitis posterior major muscle
- rectus capitis posterior minor muscle
- obliquus capitis superior muscle
- obliquus capitis inferior muscle
- splenius capitis muscle
- splenius cervicis muscle
- erector spinae group
- transversospinalis group
- quadratus lumborum muscle
-
suboccipital muscle group
- spinal meninges and spaces
-
spinal cord
- gross anatomy
-
white matter tracts (white matter)
- corticospinal tract
- anterolateral columns
- lateral columns
-
dorsal columns
- fasiculus gracilis (column of Goll)
- fasiculus cuneatus (column of Burdach)
- grey matter
- nerve root
- central canal
- functional anatomy
- spinal cord blood supply
- sympathetic chain
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