Congenital scoliosis - wedge, semisegmented, and segmented hemivertebrae
Presentation
Scoliotic spine since birth. No other known congenital anomalies.
Patient Data
Congenital scoliosis with a right lumbar and a left thoracolumbar curves.
Wedge vertebra (hypoplastic left half of the vertebral body).
(Fully) segmented hemivertebra.
Even shoulders. No pelvic obliquity. No coronal imbalance.
Case Discussion
Congenital osteogenic scoliosis, often called congenital scoliosis, refers to the scoliosis resulting from vertebral malformations.
In this case, three types of vertebral malformations are present:
wedge vertebra: half of the vertebral body is underdeveloped
semisegmented hemivertebra: vertebra lacking formation of half of its body and fused with the vertebra above or below
(fully) segmented hemivertebra: vertebra lacking formation of half of its body and not attached to the vertebra above or below
Both wedge vertebrae and segmented hemivertebrae have the potential to progress to severe curves. In the present case, these are on opposite sites of their correspondent convexities, which partially compensate for the curves, resulting in scoliosis without uneven shoulders.
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