Olfactory groove/planum sphenoidale meningiomas arise in the midline of the anterior cranial fossa overlying the cribriform plate, frontosphenoid suture and planum sphenoidale. They are typically benign. They can cause hyperostosis in the scull base or invade the sinuses, and rarely, the orbits. The primary blood supply is from the anterior and posterior ethmoid arteries. They can be also supplied by the meningeal branches from the ophthalmic artery, anterior cerebral arteries, anterior communicating artery, pial collaterals and external carotid circulation.
Most patients are women in their 5th and 6th decades of life. Most common symptoms are subtle mental changes in cognition and personality, headaches, visual decline and seizures. Anosmia may be present.