Enchondromas are benign cartilaginous neoplasms that are usually solitary lesions in intramedullary bone occurring most commonly in small bones of the hands and feet. The distal femur and proximal humerus are other, less common locations.

The primary significant factors of enchondromas are related to their complications, most notably pathologic fracture, and malignant transformation, which may be associated with pathologic fracture.

The lesions replace the normal bone with mineralized or unmineralized hyaline cartilage, thereby generating a lytic pattern on radiographs or, more commonly, a lytic area containing rings and arcs of chondroid calcifications.