Bilateral renal enlargement

Bilateral renal enlargement can arise from a number of causes which include ^1,2:

Smooth enlargement

• diabetic nephropathy (common)
• acute pyelonephritis
• renal involvement with lymphoma
• acute interstitial nephritis
• acute glomerulonephritis
• acute urate nephropathy
• vasculitis/autoimmune
• HIV nephropathy
• leukemia
• autosomal recessive polycystic kidneys (ARPKD)
• sickle cell disease
• thalassemia
• acromegaly
• amyloidosis
• multiple myeloma

Enlargement by cysts/masses

• adult dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)
• acquired renal cystic disease
• lymphoma
• von-Hippel-Lindau disease
• nephroblastomatosis
• Wilms tumor
• tuberous sclerosis
• bilateral renal cell carcinoma
• multiple oncocytoma
• metastasis