Bone mineral density
Updates to Article Attributes
Body
was changed:
Bone mineral density(BMD) is defined as amount of mineral (calcium hydroxyapatite) per unit of bone.
MeasurementRadiographic features
BMD can be measured by various methods:
-
gamma rays: replaced by radiographic methods
- single-energy photon absorptiometry (SPA) was superseded by the introduction of
Single Xsingle x-ray absorptiometry. Both; both methods measure density at peripheral sites in theskeletonskeleton (e.g. distal radius, calcaneus), but the disadvantage is thatitit cannot measure trabecular and cortical bone separately. - dual-energy photon absorptiometry (DPA) also has been replaced by dual
X-energy x-ray absorptiometry(DXA(DEXA).
- single-energy photon absorptiometry (SPA) was superseded by the introduction of
-
x-ray
- single-energy x-ray absorptiometry
- described in single photon absorptiometry -
dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)
- described in dual photon absorptiometry. - quantitative computed tomography (QCT)
- radiogrammetry
- single-energy x-ray absorptiometry
-
ultrasound
- calcaneal ultrasonography
-: determines bone mineral density and bone strength. -
Speed Soundspeed sound (SOS)-measures: measures velocity in the bone. -
Broadbandbroadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA)-measures: measures the frequency in the bone.
- calcaneal ultrasonography
-
MRI
- spectroscopy
- quantitative magnetic resonance imaging
-: depicts changes in the trabecular structures at several sites of the peripheral skeleton.
See also
Images Changes:
Image 1 X-ray (DEXA) ( create )
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.