Endocrine venous sampling is a set of similar interventional techniques proposed for the specific diagnosis of some endocrine disorders such as:
-
inferior petrosal sinus sampling
- evaluates for ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma as etiology for endogenous Cushing syndrome
- selective venous sampling for primary hyperparathyroidism
- preoperative localization of functioning parathyroid adenoma which cannot be localized by imaging
- arterial stimulation and selective venous sampling for pancreatic endocrine tumors
- used for preoperative localization of pancreatic endocrine tumors (gastrinoma, insulinoma, VIPoma, glucagonoma, somatostatinoma and pancreatic polypeptide-producing tumor)
-
adrenal venous sampling
- used for identification of primary aldosteronism (Conn syndrome or bilateral idiopathic adrenal hyperplasia).
- ovarian venous sampling
- used to stablish the source of excessive androgen production in women when imaging studies are not revealing 3
Renal vein sampling (renin sampling) was used for the determination of renal artery stenosis as cause of hypertension (renovascular hypertension), now infrequently performed 1.