A glenohumeral joint effusion refers to fluid accumulation within the glenohumeral joint. It is considered abnormal and in many instances may be related to:
osteoarthritis - glenohumeral arthropathy / osteoarthritis of the shoulder
In the context of arthropathy, the volume of fluid may correlate with osteophytic changes and increasing age.
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Radiographic assessment
Ultrasound
A glenohumeral joint effusion may be able to be detected and quantified most reliably in the posterior glenohumeral joint recess with the arm in external rotation.
Differential diagnosis
Under some situations consider
hemarthrosis of glenohumeral joint: appears more complex
septic arthritis of glenohumeral joint
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