Para-aortic lymph nodes
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
At the time the article was created Mila Dimitrijevic had no recorded disclosures.
View Mila Dimitrijevic's current disclosuresAt the time the article was last revised Raymond Chieng had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose.
View Raymond Chieng's current disclosures- Para-aortic lymph nodes (PAN)
- Paraaortic lymph nodes
- Para aortic lymph nodes
- Para-aortic nodes
- Paraaortic nodes
Para-aortic lymph nodes (often shortened to para-aortic nodes) are part of the retroperitoneal nodes, and are located anterior to the left lumbar trunk 1 and above and below the left renal vein prior to the flow of lymph into the cisterna chyli 2-4.
Right para-aortic nodes together with left paracaval nodes, form the right lumbar chain of nodes around the inferior vena cava.
Left para-aortic nodes communicates with common iliac nodes to drain into the thoracic duct. Para-aortic nodes located below the left renal vessels are points of metastasis from ovarian and other pelvic malignancies through lymphatics around the gonadal vessels even when other pelvic lymph nodes are not involved. This phenomenon occurs despite other groups of lymph nodes such as aortocaval lymph nodes being extensively connected with pelvic nodes 5.
References
- 1. Mcminn. Last's Anatomy. (2003) ISBN: 9780729537520 - Google Books
- 2. Nomura E, Sasako M, Yamamoto S et al. Risk Factors for Para-Aortic Lymph Node Metastasis of Gastric Cancer from a Randomized Controlled Trial of JCOG9501. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2007;37(6):429-33. doi:10.1093/jjco/hym067 - Pubmed
- 3. Sarrazin R, Pissas A, Dyon JF, Bouchet Y. Lymphatic drainage of the stomach, (1980) Clinical Anatomy. 2: 95-110.
- 4. Deki H & Sato T. An Anatomic Study of the Peripancreatic Lymphatics. Surg Radiol Anat. 1988;10(2):121-35. doi:10.1007/bf02307820 - Pubmed
- 5. Chiva L & Magrina J. Abdominal and Pelvic Anatomy. Principles of Gynecologic Oncology Surgery. 2018;:28. doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-42878-1.00002-x
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- Abdominal lymphadenopathy
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- Testicular embryonal cell carcinoma
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- Invasive thyroid carcinoma
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- Metastatic multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma - T4N1M1
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