Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Weerakkody Y, Luong D, Bell D, et al. Paradoxical reaction in tuberculosis. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 30 Jan 2025) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-83660
A paradoxical reaction in tuberculosis refers to a clinical or radiological worsening of pre-existing tuberculous lesions or the development of new lesions, in patients receiving anti-tuberculous medication who may have initially improved on treatment.
Pathology
The exact mechanism is not well known although an abnormal immune response or reconstitution of the immune system has been suggested. Therefore is more commonly (but not always) seen in HIV co-infected individuals.
Treatment and prognosis
Often self-limiting but there is a potential to cause morbidity and on rare occasions, death.
See also
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1. Bloch S, Wickremasinghe M, Wright S, et al. Paradoxical reactions in non-HIV tuberculosis presenting as endobronchial obstruction. (2009) European Respiratory Review. 18 (114): 295. doi:10.1183/09059180.00003709 - Pubmed
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2. Brown CS, Smith CJ, Breen RA, et al. Determinants of treatment-related paradoxical reactions during anti-tuberculosis therapy: a case control study. (2016) BMC infectious diseases. 16: 479. doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1816-4 - Pubmed
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3. https://thorax.bmj.com/content/59/8/704.full - href="https://doi.org/10.1136/thx.2003.019224">doi:10.1136/thx.2003.019224
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