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Citation:
Radswiki T, Elfeky M, Kumar K, et al. Vaginal leiomyoma. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 06 Mar 2025) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-15384
Vaginal leiomyomas are an extremely rare entity and fall under extra-uterine pelvic leiomyomas.
They are extremely rare with only ~ 300 cases reported in literature 3.
It may occur anywhere along the vaginal canal and is usually localized, mobile, non-tender, and circumscribed.
Location
The anterior vaginal wall is the most common location for vaginal fibroids 6.
MRI
It may be seen as a mass in relation to the vagina with signal characteristics similar to that of a uterine leiomyoma.
Treatment and prognosis
Like other leiomyomas, they are benign lesions. Vaginal enucleation is often the treatment of choice.
History and etymology
It is thought to have been first reported by De Leyden in 1733 1.
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1. Eurorad teaching files : Case 662
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2. Ruggieri AM, Brody JM, Curhan RP. Vaginal leiomyoma. A case report with imaging findings. J Reprod Med. 1996;41 (11): 875-7. - Pubmed citation
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3. Young SB, Rose PG, Reuter KL. Vaginal fibromyomata: two cases with preoperative assessment, resection, and reconstruction. Obstet Gynecol. 1991;78 (5 Pt 2): 972-4. - Pubmed citation
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4. Leron E, Stanton SL. Vaginal leiomyoma--an imitator of prolapse. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2000;11 (3): 196-8. - Pubmed citation
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5. Sherer DM, Cheung W, Gorelick C et-al. Sonographic and magnetic resonance imaging findings of an isolated vaginal leiomyoma. J Ultrasound Med. 2007;26 (10): 1453-6. J Ultrasound Med (full text) - Pubmed citation
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6. Walker DK, Salibian RA, Salibian AD et-al. Overlooked diseases of the vagina: a directed anatomic-pathologic approach for imaging assessment. Radiographics. 2011;31 (6): 1583-98. doi:10.1148/rg.316115531 - Pubmed citation
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