Presentation
Trauma to the lateral aspect of the left knee.
Patient Data
Complete chronic tear of the anterior cruciate ligament, with some fibers laying parallel to the tibial plateau.
Bucket-handle tear of the posterior horn of medial meniscus giving the double PCL sign.
Grade II injury of the medial collateral ligaments.
Mild joint effusion with suprapatellar extension.
The posterior cruciate ligament, lateral meniscus, lateral collaterals, both retinacula and quadriceps and patellar tendons are intact.
No chondromalacia patella.
Case Discussion
O'Donoghue unhappy triad refers to a classic pattern of knee injuries that typically occur during sports, especially those involving rapid direction changes or direct lateral blows. The triad includes injuries to the anterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament and the medial meniscus. Understanding the mechanisms behind these injuries is essential for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
The main mechanisms involved in the development of this injury pattern are valgus stress and rotational forces, and not uncommonly, combination of both mechanisms.
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