Pediatric hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy

Case contributed by Austin Donnelly
Diagnosis certain

Presentation

Out of hospital cardiac arrest.

Patient Data

Age: 7 months
Gender: Male

Unenhanced axial CT brain

ct
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Info

Axial unenhanced CT brain demonstrates diffuse cerebral swelling. There is reversal of the normal grey-white matter attenuation pattern within the cerebral hemispheres (reversal sign) with relative sparing of the cerebellum (white cerebellum sign).

Case Discussion

7 month old boy. Born at 31 weeks gestation with a birth weight of 1325 g. Presented in out of hospital cardiac arrest. Had been co-sleeping with grandmother. 

Imaging findings were that of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Unfortunately, the presentation was incompatible with life.

Death certificate recorded Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) as the cause of death. 

Well recognized risk factors for SIDS include Low birth weight, prematurity and co-sleeping.

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