Presentation
Medically refractory epilepsy.
Patient Data
A vagal nerve stimulator is implanted in the left pectoral region with a lead extending up to the left side of the neck. Electrodes are applied to the left vagal nerve in the carotid sheath.
The outline of the stimulator can and radio-opaque marker (CYBX) are consistent with the patient's medical record. This is a Cyberonics Model 102 vagal nerve stimulator 1.
Case Discussion
Vagus nerve stimulation is a widely used neuromodulation technique in patients with medically refractory epilepsy. It involves an implanted pulse generator, usually placed in a pectoral location, with a lead that wraps around the left vagus nerve within the carotid sheath. While achieving complete seizure control through VNS is uncommon, it can help decrease seizure frequency and enhance quality of life 2.
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