Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
Weerakkody Y, Deng F, Thoracic air leak syndrome. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 13 Mar 2025) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-29530
Thoracic air leak syndrome (TALS) is an uncommon late complication in allogeneic haematopoetic stem cell transplant recipients with chronic graft versus host disease. Thoracic air leakage refers to spontaneous pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, pneumopericardium, and/or interstitial emphysema. These findings occur on a background of bronchiolitis obliterans.
Epidemiology
The estimated cumulative incidence is thought to be around 2% of those having haematopoetic stem cell transplantation 3.
See also
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1. Vogel M, Brodoefel H, Bethge W et-al. Spontaneous thoracic air-leakage syndrome in patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: causes, CT-follow up and patient outcome. Eur J Radiol. 2006;60 (3): 392-7. doi:10.1016/j.ejrad.2006.07.013 - Pubmed citation
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2. Kumar S, Tefferi A. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema complicating bronchiolitis obliterans after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation-case report and review of literature. Ann. Hematol. 2001;80 (7): 430-5. Pubmed citation
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3. Franquet T, Rodríguez S, Hernández JM et-al. Air-leak syndromes in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with chronic GVHD: high-resolution CT findings. J Thorac Imaging. 2007;22 (4): 335-40. doi:10.1097/RTI.0b013e3180cab6cf - Pubmed citation
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4. Moon MH, Sa YJ, Cho KD et-al. Thoracic air-leak syndromes in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients with graft-versus-host disease: a possible sign for poor response to treatment and poor prognosis. J. Korean Med. Sci. 2010;25 (5): 658-62. doi:10.3346/jkms.2010.25.5.658 - Free text at pubmed - Pubmed citation
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5. Galanis E, Litzow MR, Tefferi A et-al. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in a patient with bronchiolitis obliterans after bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1998;20 (8): 695-6. doi:10.1038/sj.bmt.1700939 - Pubmed citation
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