Fracture malunion occurs when a fracture heals in a non-anatomical position, which can result in functional impairment and/or a poor aesthetic. If fracture malunions are asymptomatic or not limiting function there is no need for further surgical intervention.
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Pathology
Malunions can be secondary to 1,4:
inaccurate reduction (closed or open)
loss of reduction
inadequate immobilization
Complications
Malunion can alter biomechanics resulting in the development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis, in particular, if there is intra-articular malunion, or joint instability 1,4.