Haller cells
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At the time the article was created Daniel J Bell had no recorded disclosures.
View Daniel J Bell's current disclosuresAt the time the article was last revised Yuranga Weerakkody had no recorded disclosures.
View Yuranga Weerakkody's current disclosures- Infraorbital ethmoidal air cells
- Maxilloethmoidal cells
- Maxillo-ethmoidal cells
- Maxillo-ethmoidal cell
- Infraorbital ethmoidal air cell
- Haller's cell
- Haller's cells
Haller cells, also known as infraorbital ethmoidal air cells, are ethmoid air cells located lateral to the maxillo-ethmoidal suture along the inferomedial orbital floor.
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Epidemiology
They are present in ~20% (range 2-45%) of patients, depending on their exact definition 1-3.
Clinical presentation
In most instances they are asymptomatic and (although some controversy exists 4,5) they are generally not thought to be associated with increased rates of sinusitis 3.
They may become clinically significant in a number of situations:
- become infected, with the potential for extension into the orbit
- may narrow the ipsilateral ostiomeatal complex (OMC) if large, thereby predisposing the ipsilateral maxillary antrum to obstruction 4
- may lead to inadvertent entry into the orbit if unrecognised at endoscopic surgery 4
History and etymology
They are named after Albrecht von Haller (1708-1777) 6, Swiss anatomist and physiologist; he was a qualified medical doctor but was unsuccessful in clinical practice.
See also
- agger nasi cells: anteriormost ethmoidal cells
- Onodi cells: sphenoethmoidal cells
- supraorbital air cells
References
- 1. Yousem DM. Imaging of sinonasal inflammatory disease. Radiology. 1993;188 (2): 303-14. Radiology (abstract) [pubmed citation]
- 2. Laine FJ, Smoker WR. The ostiomeatal unit and endoscopic surgery: anatomy, variations, and imaging findings in inflammatory diseases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1992;159 (4): 849-57. AJR Am J Roentgenol (abstract) [pubmed citation]
- 3. Stallman JS, Lobo JN, Som PM. The incidence of concha bullosa and its relationship to nasal septal deviation and paranasal sinus disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2004;25 (9): 1613-8. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol (full text) [pubmed citation]
- 4. Endoscopic paranasal sinus surgery. Dale H. Rice, Steven D. Schaefer; with illustrations by Lewis E. Calver, Scott Thorn Barrows, Eli Ensor. Philadelphia : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, c2004. ISBN:0781740770 (find it at amazon.com)
- 5. Diseases of the Sinuses: Diagnosis and Management. David W. Kennedy, William E. Bolger, S. James Zinreich. B.C. Decker ISBN:1550090453 (find it at amazon.com)
- 6. Frixione E. Albrecht von Haller (1708-1777). (2006) Journal of neurology. 253 (2): 265-6. doi:10.1007/s00415-006-0998-x - Pubmed
- 7. O'Brien WT, Hamelin S, Weitzel EK. The Preoperative Sinus CT: Avoiding a "CLOSE" Call with Surgical Complications. (2016) Radiology. 281 (1): 10-21. doi:10.1148/radiol.2016152230 - Pubmed
- 8. Raina A, Guledgud M, Patil K. Infraorbital Ethmoid (Haller's) Cells: A Panoramic Radiographic Study. Dentomaxillofac Radiol. 2012;41(4):305-8. doi:10.1259/dmfr/22999207 - Pubmed
- 9. Shpilberg K, Daniel S, Doshi A, Lawson W, Som P. CT of Anatomic Variants of the Paranasal Sinuses and Nasal Cavity: Poor Correlation With Radiologically Significant Rhinosinusitis but Importance in Surgical Planning. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2015;204(6):1255-60. doi:10.2214/ajr.14.13762 - Pubmed
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