Emphysema

Case contributed by Sarmad Aslam
Diagnosis certain

Presentation

Known COPD. Worsening SOB and cough for a week.

Patient Data

Age: 50 years
Gender: Male

Chest

x-ray

Marked upper lobe emphysema bilaterally evidenced by reduced broncho vascular markings and the relative crowding of the vessels in the mid zones.

Heart size normal.

Case Discussion

Pulmonary emphysema defines permanent dilatation of airspaces due to destruction of alveolar walls. It is one end of the spectrum of COPD, resulting from the smoking of tobacco.

It typically affects the upper lobes first and most profoundly. 

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