Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
More than 200 results
Article
Pancreatic trauma
The pancreas is uncommonly injured in blunt trauma. However, pancreatic trauma has a high morbidity and mortality rate.
Epidemiology
The pancreas is injured in ~7.5% (range 2-13%) of blunt trauma cases 1,3,7. Motor vehicle accidents account for the vast majority of cases. Penetrating trauma co...
Article
Solitary fibrous tumor of the dura
Solitary fibrous tumors of the dura are rare dural masses, histologically identical to solitary fibrous tumors found elsewhere and encompassing hemangiopericytomas (previously thought of as separate diagnoses). This was reflected in the 4th edition WHO classification of CNS tumors (2016).
Solit...
Article
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy diagnostic criteria
The 2020 International criteria (the Padua criteria) follow a two-step approach for diagnosing arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM). It includes the identification of major and minor criteria that are satisfied for both left and right ventricle and the classification of ACM phenotype under one of...
Article
High attenuation mucus
High-attenuation mucus (HAM) is a form of mucoid impaction which is often considered a characteristic and an "almost pathognomonic" feature of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) (close to 100% specificity) 1.
Epidemiology
It may be present in up to 28% of patients with allergic bro...
Article
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is at the mild end of the spectrum of disease caused by pulmonary aspergillosis and can be classified as an eosinophilic lung disease 2-4.
Epidemiology
This entity is most commonly encountered in patients with longstanding asthma, and only occasi...
Article
Sugaya classification
The Sugaya classification is a 5-point system used to evaluate rotator cuff repair.
Usage
The Sugaya classification is the most common system used to evaulate rotator cuff repair 2 although intra- and inter-observer reproducibility is variable 3,4.
Classification
The Sugaya classification a...
Article
Tympanic annulus
The tympanic annulus, also known as the tympanic ring, is the thickened edge of the pars tensa of the tympanic membrane, anchoring it in the tympanic sulcus 3.
Gross anatomy
The tympanic annulus is formed by a fibrocartilaginous thickening of the edge of the pars tensa and has a horseshoe-shap...
Article
Nuclide
A nuclide is a nuclear-centric term describing an atomic species by its nuclear composition and nuclear energy state. A nuclide has a specific number of protons and neutrons and will have a specific energy state in its nucleus. Radionuclides are unstable nuclides that undergo radioactive decay.
...
Article
Splenosis
Splenosis is one type of ectopic splenic tissue (the other being accessory spleen). It is an acquired condition and is defined as autoimplantation of one or more focal deposits of splenic tissue in various compartments of the body.
Pathology
Etiology
Abdominal splenosis is seen after abdomina...
Article
Beer-Lambert law
The Beer-Lambert law, also known as Beer’s law, describes the relationship between the attenuation of light or other electromagnetic radiation and the material's properties through which it passes 3. This law is fundamental in optics, spectroscopy, and medical imaging, particularly in x-ray and ...
Article
Chondromalacia patellae
Chondromalacia patellae refers to softening and degeneration of the articular hyaline cartilage of the patella that articulates with the trochlear groove of the femur and is a frequent cause of anterior knee pain.
Epidemiology
Tends to occur in young adults. There is a recognized female predil...
Article
Mass energy-absorption coefficient
The mass energy-absorption coefficient quantifies the fraction of incident photon energy absorbed in a material per unit mass, excluding the energy carried away by scattered photons. This makes it an important parameter in dose calculation.
Terminology
The mass energy-absorption coefficient is...
Article
Modified Noyes grading of chondromalacia
The modified Noyes grading of chondromalacia was published in 2009 and is divided into four grades by MRI, typically using fat saturated proton density sequences. The original Noyes grading system was based on arthroscopic findings.
Classification
grade 0: normal cartilage
grade 1: increased ...
Article
Modified Outerbridge grading of chondromalacia
The modified Outerbridge grading of chondromalacia is divided into five grades by MRI, typically using fat-saturated proton density sequences. This grading system was originally devised in 1961 for arthroscopic assessment of chondromalacia patellae. It was modified in 2006 to reflect MRI changes...
Article
Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology
The Bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology comprises six categories of pathological reporting of thyroid FNA, with each category linked to a malignancy risk.
Usage
The Bethesda system was first published in 2010 and has been revised twice, with the most recent and third edition pu...
Article
Track vs tract
The terms track and tract are commonly mixed up in radiology and medicine (and often English more generally).
Track
In medicine, a track refers to a passage formed as something passes through tissue. For example, a needle track, the narrow channel formed as a needle is inserted into and withdr...
Article
Cerebral cortical T2 hyperintensity
Cerebral cortical T2 hyperintensity or gyriform T2 hyperintensity refers to curvilinear hyperintense signal involving the cerebral cortex on T2 weighted and FLAIR imaging.
The causes include:
developmental anomalies
focal cortical dysplasia
neoplastic
glioblastoma 1
vascular thrombo-occlus...
Article
Patient confidentiality
Patient confidentiality and anonymity are of paramount importance.
Under no circumstances should any information, whether in the patient's presenting symptoms, case description, or images themselves, be uploaded that could identify an individual patient.
In short, nothing in your images or ac...
Article
Jumper's knee
Jumper's knee or patellar tendinosis is a chronic insertional injury of the posterior and proximal fibers of the patellar tendon at the site of its origin at the inferior pole of the patella.
Most patellar tendon injuries are the result of repetitive forced extension of the knee as seen in the ...
Article
Fibrous pseudotumor of the scrotum
Fibrous pseudotumor of the scrotum is a relatively rare, non-neoplastic extratesticular non-epididymal lesion.
Epidemiology
It affects any age. Although rare, it is considered the third most common extratesticular mass after a scrotal lipoma and an epididymal adenomatoid tumor.
Risk factors
...
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