CNS infectious diseases
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
At the time the article was created Bruno Di Muzio had no recorded disclosures.
View Bruno Di Muzio's current disclosuresAt the time the article was last revised Cameron Spence had no financial relationships to ineligible companies to disclose.
View Cameron Spence's current disclosures- Central nervous system infectious diseases
- CNS infections
- Intracranial infections
This article aims to be a collection of articles that represent central nervous system infectious (CNS) diseases.
Classification
By organism
The organisms involved in CNS infections vary depending on the specific location of infection. Bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, and prions can all cause CNS infections.
See related articles below for a comprehensive list of organisms and their respective infections.
By location
Infections can involve any part of the CNS, including the meninges, ventricular system, brain parenchyma, cerebellum, brainstem, and spinal cord. Often, multiple parts of the CNS are involved at the same time (e.g. in meningoencephalitis).
See related articles below for a list of regions of the CNS which may become infected.
By route of transmission
There are numerous methods by which an infection may spread to the CNS, such as:
-
hematogenous spread
e.g. bacteremia as a result of distant infection
-
direct spread
e.g. acute sinusitis or acute otomastoiditis
-
direct introduction
e.g. iatrogenic or traumatic
Quiz questions
References
- 1. Knauth M, Hähnel S. Inflammatory Diseases of the Brain. Springer Science & Business Media. (2009) ISBN:354076660X. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 2. Signore A, Quintero AM. Diagnostic Imaging of Infections and Inflammatory Diseases. John Wiley & Sons. (2013) ISBN:1118484355. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 3. MBA DMYMD, Zimmerman RD, Grossman RI. Neuroradiology. Mosby. (2010) ISBN:0323045219. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
- 4. Castillo M. Neuroradiology Companion. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. (2012) ISBN:145118025X. Read it at Google Books - Find it at Amazon
Incoming Links
- Decompressive craniectomy
- Granulomatous amoebic encephalitis
- Sepsis associated encephalopathy
- Leptomeningitis
- Viral meningitis
- Viral encephalitides
- CNS cryptococcosis
- Brain infection protocol (MRI)
- Pyogenic meningitis
- Nocardiosis (central nervous system manifestations)
- Neurocandidiasis
- Subdural empyema
- Extradural space
- Neurocysticercosis
- Encephalomalacia
- Thunderclap headache
- Spinal cord abscess
- CNS aspergillosis
- Intracranial epidural abscess
- Human herpesvirus 6 encephalitis
- Intracranial epidural abscess
- Multiple brain metastases
- Acute necrotising encephalitis of childhood
- Congenital cerebral toxoplasmosis
- HIV-associated varicella-zoster myelitis
- Periventricular leukomalacia
- HTLV-1-associated myelopathy
- Japanese encephalitis
- Intracranial epidural abscess
- Neurocysticercosis
- Acute necrotizing encephalitis of childhood
- Acute ventriculitis
- Cryptococcal leptomeningitis with basal ganglia involvement
- Spinal hydatid disease
- Fungal cerebral abscesses
- Brain abscess
- Intraventricular neurocysticercosis
- Subdural empyema
Related articles: Infections of the central nervous system
-
CNS infections
- classification by etiology
- viral
- bacterial
- CNS listeriosis (Listeria monocytogenes)
- CNS nocardiosis (Nocardia spp)
- CNS tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)
- Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi)
- neurobrucellosis (Brucella sp.)
- neuromelioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei)
- neurosyphilis (Treponema pallidum)
- Rocky Mountain spotted fever (Rickettsia rickettsii)
- fungal
- CNS aspergillosis (Aspergillus spp)
- CNS coccidioidomycosis (Coccidioides immitis)
- CNS cryptococcosis (Cryptococcus neoformans)
- CNS mucormycosis (order Mucorales)
- neurocandidiasis (Candida spp)
- parasitic
- brain chagoma (Trypanosoma cruzi)
- cerebral amoebiasis
- primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (Naegleria fowleri)
- granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (Acanthamoeba spp, Balamuthia mandrillaris and Sappinia pedata)
- cerebral malaria (Plasmodium falciparum)
- cerebral paragonimiasis (Paragonimus)
- cerebral sparganosis (Spirometra mansonoides)
- human African trypanosomiasis (Trypanosoma brucei gambiense or Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense)
- neurocysticercosis (Taenia solium)
- neurohydatidosis (Echinococcus spp)
- neurotoxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)
- neuroschistosomiasis
-
prion
- Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sporadic, variant, familial, and iatrogenic)
- fatal familial insomnia
- Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker disease
- kuru
- variably protease-sensitive prionopathy
- others or those with possible infectious or parainfectious etiologies
- acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion
- acute leukoencephalopathy with restricted diffusion
- acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood
- encephalitis lethargica
- hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome
- Mollaret meningitis (idiopathic recurrent meningitis)
- Rasmussen encephalitis
- classification by location
- extra-axial
- intra-axial
- classification by etiology