Perianal abscess refers to a formed infective-inflammatory collection within the perianal region. It forms part of the broader group of anorectal abscesses. They are often associated with perianal fistulae and are components of grades 2 and 4 fistulae of the St James’ University Hospital classification 2.
Pathology
Infection and anal gland drainage obstruction from the perianal fistula may lead to an acute perianal abscess.
Associations
Recognized associations include:
pelvic infection
trauma
anorectal cancer/anal cancer +/- radiation therapy
Treatment and prognosis
While some abscesses may resolve spontaneously via internal drainage into the anal canal, others may require surgical incision and drainage.