Parotid gland enlargement (also known as parotidomegaly) has a wide differential given the significant breadth of pathology that can affect the parotid gland. These can be separated by a standard surgical sieve approach into infective, inflammatory, immune, neoplastic, infiltrative, and congenital causes.
Infection
- cat scratch fever
- HIV parotitis
- mumps
- parotid abscess secondary to acute bacterial sialadenitis (acute parotitis)
- syphilis
- tuberculosis
Inflammatory
- benign lymphoepithelial lesions
- chronic recurrent sialadenitis
- sarcoidosis
- Kimura disease 1
Immune-mediated
- Mikulicz syndrome
- Sjogren syndrome (myoepithelial sialadenitis)
- granulomatosis with polyangiitis - Wegener granulomatosis 2
Miscellaneous
- pneumoparotid
- sialolithiasis
- sialosis
- bulimia nervosa
Neoplastic
See also: salivary gland tumors
-
benign
- angiolipoma
- benign lymphoepithelial lesions (may be multiple and bilateral)
- facial nerve neurofibroma
- parotid hemangioma
- parotid lipoma
- parotid oncocytoma
- pleomorphic adenoma
- Warthin tumor (commonest bilateral tumor)
- malignant primary tumor
-
metastatic
- squamous cell carcinoma
- malignant melanoma of periauricular region
- thyroid carcinoma
-
lymphoproliferative
- leukemia
- lymphoma
- primary NHL (MALToma)
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