Biceps brachii muscle

Changed by Yuranga Weerakkody, 9 Jul 2018

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The biceps brachii muscle (also known simply as biceps) is a two-headed muscle in the anterior compartment of the arm that flexes at the elbow and supinates the forearm.

Summary

origin
- short head: coracoid process of the scapula
- long head: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
insertion: radial tuberosity of the proximal radius
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve
action
- shoulder joint
  - long head: arm abduction
  - short head: arm adduction and ventral flexion
- elbow joint
  - supination of the pronated forearm
  - flexion of the supinated forearm

Variant anatomy

duplicated long head of biceps tendon: can mimic longitudinal tear ¹

bifid/bifurcated insertion - anatomic variant that arises from persistent division between the short head and long head of the distal biceps brachii tendon³

accessory head of long head of biceps tendon⁴

~~-</ul><h4>Variant anatomy</h4><ul><li>duplicated long head of biceps tendon: can mimic longitudinal tear <sup>1</sup>~~
~~-</li></ul>~~
+</ul><h4>Variant anatomy</h4><ul>
+<li>
+<a title="duplicated long head of biceps tendon" href="/articles/duplicated-long-head-of-biceps-tendon">duplicated long head of biceps tendon</a>: can mimic longitudinal tear <sup>1</sup>
+</li>
+<li>bifid/bifurcated insertion - anatomic variant that arises from persistent division between the short head and long head of the distal biceps brachii tendon<sup> 3</sup>
+</li>
+<li>
+<a title="accessory head of long head of biceps tendon" href="/articles/accessory-head-of-long-head-of-biceps-tendon">accessory head of long head of biceps tendon</a><sup> 4</sup>
+</li>
+</ul><p> </p>

References changed:

3. Dirim B, Brouha S, Pretterklieber M et al. Terminal Bifurcation of the Biceps Brachii Muscle and Tendon: Anatomic Considerations and Clinical Implications. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008;191(6):W248-55. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.08.1048">doi:10.2214/AJR.08.1048</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19020211">Pubmed</a>
4. Gheno R, Zoner C, Buck F et al. Accessory Head of Biceps Brachii Muscle: Anatomy, Histology, and MRI in Cadavers. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2010;194(1):W80-3. <a href="https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.09.3158">doi:10.2214/AJR.09.3158</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20028895">Pubmed</a>

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