Blooming artifact (MRI)

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Blooming artifact is a susceptibility artifact encountered on some MRI sequences in the presence of ~~substances~~paramagnetic substances that affect the local magnetic milieux. Most affected sequences are T2*, and in many instances they are designed to exploit this phenomenon to make certain pathologies more conspicuous. As such although it is an artifact, it is used deliberately to improve detection of certain small lesions, much as the T1 shortening effects of low concentration Gadolinium are used to detect contrast enhancement.

The term 'blooming' refers to the fact that lesions appear larger than they actually are.

One of the most powerful and widely available sequences which maximizes blooming to great effect is susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI).

Blooming is seen surrounding a number of compounds:

hemosiderin from prior haemorrhage, e.g.
calcification, particularly dystrophic, e.g.
- neurocysticercosis (granulomatous stage)
metal e.g.
- surgical or traumatic fragments
air e.g
- air embolism

-Blooming artifact is encountered on some MRI sequences in the presence of substances that affect the local magnetic milieux. Most affected sequences are <a title="T2* relaxation" href="/articles/t2-relaxation-1">T2*</a>, and in many instances they are designed to exploit this phenomenon to make certain pathologies more conspicuous. One of the most powerful and widely available sequences which maximizes blooming to great effect is <a title="SWI" href="/articles/susceptibility-weighted-imaging-1">susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI)</a>. Blooming is seen surrounding a number of compounds: <ul>
+Blooming artifact is a <a href="/articles/magnetic-susceptibility-artifact">susceptibility artifact </a>encountered on some MRI sequences in the presence of <a href="/articles/paramagnetism">paramagnetic</a> substances that affect the local magnetic milieux. Most affected sequences are <a href="/articles/t2-relaxation-1">T2*</a>, and in many instances they are designed to exploit this phenomenon to make certain pathologies more conspicuous. As such although it is an artifact, it is used deliberately to improve detection of certain small lesions, much as the T1 shortening effects of low concentration <a href="/articles/gadolinium">Gadolinium</a> are used to detect contrast enhancement. The term 'blooming' refers to the fact that lesions appear larger than they actually are. One of the most powerful and widely available sequences which maximizes blooming to great effect is <a href="/articles/susceptibility-weighted-imaging-1">susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI)</a>. Blooming is seen surrounding a number of compounds: <ul>
~~-<li><a title="Cerebral cavernous malformations" href="/articles/cerebral-cavernous-venous-malformation">cavernous malformations</a></li>~~
~~-<li>old <a title="Intracerebral haemorrhage" href="/articles/intracerebral-haemorrhage">intracerebral haemorrhage</a>~~
+<li><a href="/articles/cerebral-cavernous-venous-malformation">cavernous malformations</a></li>
+<li>old <a href="/articles/intracerebral-haemorrhage">intracerebral haemorrhage</a>
~~-<a title="Diffuse axonal injury" href="/articles/diffuse-axonal-injury">diffuse axonal injury</a> </li>~~
~~-<li><a title="Superficial siderosis" href="/articles/superficial-siderosis-1">superficial siderosis</a></li>~~
+<a href="/articles/diffuse-axonal-injury">diffuse axonal injury</a> </li>
+<li><a href="/articles/superficial-siderosis-1">superficial siderosis</a></li>
~~-<a title="Neurocysticercosis (NCC)" href="/articles/neurocysticercosis">neurocysticercosis</a> (granulomatous stage)</li></ul>~~
+<a href="/articles/neurocysticercosis">neurocysticercosis</a> (granulomatous stage)</li></ul>

References changed:

1. Ojeda-Fournier H, Choe KA, Mahoney MC. Recognizing and interpreting artifacts and pitfalls in MR imaging of the breast. Radiographics. 2007;27 Suppl 1 (suppl_1): S147-64. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.27si075516">doi:10.1148/rg.27si075516</a> - <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18180224">Pubmed citation</a>
2. Mittal P, Kalia V, Dua S. Pictorial essay: Susceptibility-weighted imaging in cerebral ischemia. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2010;20 (4): 250-3. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.73530">doi:10.4103/0971-3026.73530</a> - <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3056619">Free text at pubmed</a> - <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21423897">Pubmed citation</a>

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Imaging Technology

Images Changes:

Image 1 MRI (SWI MIP) ( create )

Image 2 MRI (SWI) ( create )

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Blooming artifact (MRI)

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Image 1 MRI (SWI MIP) ( create )

Image 2 MRI (SWI) ( create )

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