Carpal coalition
Updates to Article Attributes
Carpal coalition refers to fusion of two or more carpal bones, and although the most commonly involved bones are the lunate and triquetrum, most combinations of adjacent bones can be found to be coalesced.
Epidemiology
The estimated prevalence is ~0.1% in Caucasian Americans and ~1.5% in African Americans, and it tends to affect women more commonly 1-2.
PathologyAetiology
Aetiology
Non-syndromatic congenital carpal coalition is transmitted via a mendelian inheritance pattern. Acquired intercarpal fusion can either be a consequence of an inflammatory arthropathy (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis) or injury, or due to surgical arthrodesis.
Pathology
As with tarsal coalition, congenital carpal coalition can either be osseous (synostosis), cartilaginous (synchondrosis), or fibrous (syndesmosis).
Types
The two most common types are
-
luno-triquetral coalition
(most: much more common)than all other types combined - capito-hamate coalition
Associations
There are several associated conditions, especially with multiple coalitions:
-<p><strong>C</strong><strong>arpal coalition</strong> refers to fusion of two or more carpal bones, and although the most commonly involved bones are the <a href="/articles/lunate-1">lunate</a> and <a href="/articles/triquetrum">triquetrum</a>, most combinations of adjacent bones can be found to be coalesced. </p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>The estimated prevalence is ~0.1% in Caucasian Americans and ~1.5% in African Americans, and it tends to affect women more commonly <sup>1-2</sup>.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><h5>Aetiology</h5><p>Non-syndromatic congenital carpal coalition is transmitted via a mendelian inheritance pattern. Acquired intercarpal fusion can either be a consequence of an inflammatory arthropathy (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis) or injury, or due to surgical arthrodesis.</p><h5>Types</h5><ul>- +<p><strong>C</strong><strong>arpal coalition</strong> refers to fusion of two or more carpal bones, and although the most commonly involved bones are the <a href="/articles/lunate-1">lunate</a> and <a href="/articles/triquetrum">triquetrum</a>, most combinations of adjacent bones can be found to be coalesced. </p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>The estimated prevalence is ~0.1% in Caucasian Americans and ~1.5% in African Americans, and it tends to affect women more commonly <sup>1-2</sup>.</p><h4>Aetiology</h4><p>Non-syndromatic congenital carpal coalition is transmitted via a mendelian inheritance pattern. Acquired intercarpal fusion can either be a consequence of an inflammatory arthropathy (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, reactive arthritis) or injury, or due to surgical arthrodesis.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>As with tarsal coalition, congenital carpal coalition can either be osseous (synostosis), cartilaginous (synchondrosis), or fibrous (syndesmosis).</p><h5>Types</h5><p>The two most common types are</p><ul>
-<a href="/articles/luno-triquetral-coalition">luno-triquetral coalition</a> (most common)</li>- +<a href="/articles/luno-triquetral-coalition">luno-triquetral coalition</a>: much more common than all other types combined</li>
References changed:
- 7. Defazio M, Cousins B, Miversuski R, Cardoso R. Carpal Coalition: A Review of Current Knowledge and Report of a Single Institution's Experience with Asymptomatic Intercarpal Fusion. Hand (N Y). 2013;8(2):157-63. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s11552-013-9498-5">doi:10.1007/s11552-013-9498-5</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24426912">Pubmed</a>
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