Entrance skin dose
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The entrance skin dose is as the name suggest the measure of the radiation dose that is absorbed (mGy) by the skin as it reaches the patient. Entrance skin dose is a directly measurable quantity, often, measured using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) 1. Entrance skin dose is often a benchmark measurement used to assist in quality control and optimisation in radiography departments.
They are used in plain radiography to set diagnostic reference levels, a reference level that establishes a benchmark for the optimisation in using medical radiation, ensuring departments adhere to the principles of radiation protection 2.At the time of writing this article (April, 2017) the following entrance skin dose recommendations for an adult of average size (70-80 kgs) in plain radiography exist set by the Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency 3:
- skull AP/PA 3 mGy
- skull lateral 1.5 mGy
- chest PA 0.2 mGy
- chest lateral 1.0 mGy
- thoracic spine AP 3.5 mGy
- thoracic spine lateral 10 mGy
- lumbar spine AP 6 mGy
- lumbar spine lateral 14 mGy
- lumbar spine spot 26 mGy
- abdomen AP 6 mGy
- pelvis AP 4 mGy
Factors that contribute to an increase in entrance skin dose include body habitus (obese patients can have a dose increase reaching factors of 80) and poor radiographic positioning 4.
-<p>The <strong>entrance skin dose</strong> is as the name suggest the measure of the radiation dose that is absorbed (mGy) by the skin as it reaches the patient. Entrance skin dose is a directly measurable quantity, often, measured using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) <sup>1</sup>. <br>Entrance skin dose is often a benchmark measurement used to assist in quality control and optimisation in radiography departments.</p><p>They are used in plain radiography to set diagnostic reference levels, a reference level that establishes a benchmark for the optimisation in using medical radiation, ensuring departments adhere to the principles of <a href="/articles/radiation-protection">radiation protection</a> <sup>2</sup>.<br>At the time of writing this article (April, 2017) the following entrance skin dose recommendations for an adult of average size (70-80 kgs) in plain radiography exist set by the Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency <sup>3</sup>: </p><ul>- +<p>The <strong>entrance skin dose</strong> is as the name suggest the measure of the radiation dose that is absorbed (mGy) by the skin as it reaches the patient. Entrance skin dose is a directly measurable quantity, often, measured using <a title="Thermoluminescent dosimeter" href="/articles/thermoluminescent-dosimeter">thermoluminescent dosimeters</a> (TLD) <sup>1</sup>. <br>Entrance skin dose is often a benchmark measurement used to assist in quality control and optimisation in radiography departments.</p><p>They are used in plain radiography to set diagnostic reference levels, a reference level that establishes a benchmark for the optimisation in using medical radiation, ensuring departments adhere to the principles of <a href="/articles/radiation-protection">radiation protection</a> <sup>2</sup>.<br>At the time of writing this article (April, 2017) the following entrance skin dose recommendations for an adult of average size (70-80 kgs) in plain radiography exist set by the Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency <sup>3</sup>: </p><ul>
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