Facial fractures
Updates to Article Attributes
Body
was changed:
Facial fractures are commonly caused by blunt or penetrating trauma sustained during motor vehicle accidents, assaults, and falls.
Pathophysiology
The facial buttress concept elucidates the structurally meaningful skeletal struts that play a role in facial form and function and helps identify the regions that are likely to require surgical reconstruction.
Radiographic features
Plain X raysare relatively insensitiveto facial fractures.
Multidetector computed tomography (CT) is the modality most often used for imaging evaluation in Facialfacial fractures because,;
- it's a rapid exam with easier patient positioning
- it provides high image resolution which allows accurate detection of subtle facial fractures and also clearly delineates soft-tissue features
.
Types
Complex fractures which involve multiple facial buttresses
- Naso-orbitoethmoid (NOE) complex
fracturesfracture - Le Fort fractures
- Zygomaticomaxillary complex
fracturesfracture
Fractures which involve a single facial buttres
- frontal sinus fracture
- nasal bone fracture
- orbital
blowout fracturesblow-out fracture - isolated zygomatic arch fractures
- paranasal sinus fractures
- alveolar process fractures
- mandibular
fracturesfracture
-<p><span style="line-height:1.6em"><strong>Facial fractures</strong> are commonly caused by blunt or penetrating trauma sustained during motor vehicle accidents, assaults, and falls.</span></p><h4>Pathophysiology</h4><p>The facial buttress concept elucidates the structurally meaningful skeletal struts that play a role in facial form and function and helps identify the regions that are likely to require surgical reconstruction.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><p><strong>Plain X rays</strong><strong> </strong>are relatively insensitive<strong> </strong>to facial fractures. </p><p><strong>Multidetector computed tomography (CT)</strong> is the modality most often used for imaging evaluation in Facial fractures because,</p><ul>- +<p><strong>Facial fractures</strong> are commonly caused by blunt or penetrating trauma sustained during motor vehicle accidents, assaults, and falls.</p><h4>Pathophysiology</h4><p>The facial buttress concept elucidates the structurally meaningful skeletal struts that play a role in facial form and function and helps identify the regions that are likely to require surgical reconstruction.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><p><strong>Plain X rays</strong><strong> </strong>are relatively insensitive<strong> </strong>to facial fractures. </p><p><strong>Multidetector computed tomography (CT)</strong> is the modality most often used for imaging evaluation in facial fractures because;</p><ul>
-<li> it provides high image resolution which allows accurate detection of subtle facial fractures and also clearly delineates soft-tissue features.</li>- +<li> it provides high image resolution which allows accurate detection of subtle facial fractures and also clearly delineates soft-tissue features</li>
-<li><a title="Naso-orbitoethmoid (NOE) complex fractures" href="/articles/naso-orbitoethmoid-noe-complex-fractures">Naso-orbitoethmoid (NOE) complex fractures</a></li>-<li><a title="Le Fort fractures" href="/articles/le-fort-fractures">Le Fort fractures</a></li>-<li><a title="Zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures" href="/articles/zygomaticomaxillary-complex-fractures">Zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures</a></li>- +<li><a href="/articles/naso-orbitoethmoid-noe-complex-fracture">Naso-orbitoethmoid (NOE) complex fracture</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/le-fort-fractures">Le Fort fractures</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/le-fort-fractures">Zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture</a></li>
-<li>nasal bone fracture</li>-<li>orbital blowout fractures</li>- +<li><a href="/articles/nasal-bone-fracture">nasal bone fracture</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/orbital-blow-out-fracture">orbital blow-out fracture</a></li>
-<li>mandibular fractures </li>-</ul><p> </p>- +<li><a href="/articles/mandibular-fracture">mandibular fracture</a></li>
- +</ul>
References changed:
- 2. Hopper RA, Salemy S, Sze RW. Diagnosis of midface fractures with CT: what the surgeon needs to know. Radiographics. 2006;26 (3): 783-93. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.263045710">doi:10.1148/rg.263045710</a> - <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16702454">Pubmed citation</a><span class="auto"></span>
- 1. Winegar BA, Murillo H, Tantiwongkosi B. Spectrum of critical imaging findings in complex facial skeletal trauma. Radiographics. 2013;33 (1): 3-19. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.331125080">doi:10.1148/rg.331125080</a> - <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23322824">Pubmed citation</a><span class="auto"></span>
- 3. Rhea JT, Novelline RA. How to simplify the CT diagnosis of Le Fort fractures. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005;184 (5): 1700-5. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.184.5.01841700">doi:10.2214/ajr.184.5.01841700</a> - <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15855142">Pubmed citation</a><span class="auto"></span>
Sections changed:
- Classifications
Systems changed:
- Head & Neck
Images Changes:
Image ( create )
Image 1 CT (3D reconstruction) ( create )
Image 2 CT (3D VR) ( create )
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