Hepatolithiasis

Changed by Yuranga Weerakkody, 18 Jan 2016

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Hepatolithiasis is presence of bile duct stones within the intrahepatic bile ducts, specifically before the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts.

Epidemiology

Hepatolithiasis is common Asia and the Pacific, with a prevalence of ~40%. It is rare in the West with a prevalence of ~1% ¹.

Pathology

Hepatolithiasis can occur with or without the concomitant presence of cholelithiasis or choledocholithiasis.

Aetiology

recurrent pyogenic cholangitis
malnutrition ^2,3

Associations

Radiographic features

See: cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis.

-<p><strong>Hepatolithiasis</strong> is presence of bile duct stones within the intrahepatic bile ducts, specifically before the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts. </p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>Hepatolithiasis is common Asia and the Pacific, with a prevalence of ~40%. It is rare in the West with a prevalence of ~1% <sup>1</sup>. </p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Hepatolithiasis can occur with or without the concomitant presence of <a title="Cholelithiasis" href="/articles/cholelithiasis">cholelithiasis</a> or <a title="Choledocholithiasis" href="/articles/choledocholithiasis">choledocholithiasis</a>. </p><h5>Aetiology</h5><ul>
~~-<li><a title="Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis" href="/articles/oriental-cholangiohepatitis">recurrent pyogenic cholangitis</a></li>~~
+<p><strong>Hepatolithiasis</strong> is presence of bile duct stones within the intrahepatic bile ducts, specifically before the confluence of the right and left hepatic ducts. </p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>Hepatolithiasis is common Asia and the Pacific, with a prevalence of ~40%. It is rare in the West with a prevalence of ~1% <sup>1</sup>. </p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Hepatolithiasis can occur with or without the concomitant presence of <a href="/articles/cholelithiasis">cholelithiasis</a> or <a href="/articles/choledocholithiasis">choledocholithiasis</a>. </p><h5>Aetiology</h5><ul>
+<li><a href="/articles/oriental-cholangiohepatitis">recurrent pyogenic cholangitis</a></li>
~~-<li><a title="Primary sclerosing cholangitis" href="/articles/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis">primary sclerosing cholangitis</a></li>~~
~~-<li>postoperative <a title="biliary stricture" href="/articles/biliary-stricture">biliary strictures</a>~~
+<li><a href="/articles/primary-sclerosing-cholangitis">primary sclerosing cholangitis</a></li>
+<li>postoperative <a href="/articles/biliary-stricture">biliary strictures</a>
~~-<a title="Caroli disease" href="/articles/caroli-disease">Caroli disease</a> <sup>2</sup>~~
+<a href="/articles/caroli-disease">Caroli disease</a> <sup>2</sup>
-</ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><p>See: <a title="Cholelithiasis" href="/articles/cholelithiasis">cholelithiasis</a> and <a title="Choledocholithiasis" href="/articles/choledocholithiasis">choledocholithiasis</a>. </p>
+</ul><h4>Radiographic features</h4><p>See: <a href="/articles/cholelithiasis">cholelithiasis</a> and <a href="/articles/choledocholithiasis">choledocholithiasis</a>. </p>

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