Myocardial bridging of the coronary arteries
Updates to Synonym Attributes
Title
was changed:
Updates to Article Attributes
Body
was changed:
Myocardial bridging is a common congenital anomaly of the coronary arteries 1where a coronary artery courses through the myocardium.
Epidemiology
- it is found approximately in 20-30% of adult population on autopsy studies.
- incidence in coronary angiograms is between 2-15%
Pathology
Normally major coronary arteries course epicardiallyfollow an epicardial course throughout their length, but in some cases segments of coronary arteries may course intramurally ininto the myocardium (tunneled artery).
Myocardial bridging may be described as superficial (incomplete) or deep (complete).
Location
ThisBridging is typically described for left anterior descending artery (LAD), with the mid LAD considered the most common location 5, however other major coronary arteries can also be involved 2.
Clinical significance
- myocardial bridging does not produce any symptoms in the majority of patients
- deeper bridging (>2 mm) may cause symptoms like angina or ischemia in some patients
Radiographic features
CT and angiography
- LAD myocardial bridging can be detected by both angiography and coronary artery MDCT
- angiographic diagnosis is by demonstrating indirect sign called milking effect
- coronary artery MDCT directly shows a portion of the artery which is interventricular
- coronary artery MDCT is often better at detecting RCA myocardial bridging
- the bridged segment often appears to be free of atherosclerosis 5
Treatment and prognosis
There are some reports suggesting efficacy with calcium channel blockers for symptomatic patients 3.
-<p><strong>Myocardial bridging</strong> is a common <a href="/articles/congenital-anomaly-of-the-coronary-arteries">congenital anomaly of the coronary arteries</a> <sup>1</sup>. </p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><ul>- +<p><strong>Myocardial bridging</strong> is a common <a href="/articles/congenital-anomaly-of-the-coronary-arteries">congenital anomaly of the coronary arteries</a> <sup>1 </sup>where a coronary artery courses through the myocardium. </p><h4>Epidemiology</h4><ul>
-</ul><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Normally major coronary arteries course epicardially throughout their length, but in some cases segments of coronary arteries course intramurally in the myocardium (tunneled artery). </p><p>Myocardial bridging may be described as superficial or deep.</p><h5>Location</h5><p>This is typically described for left anterior descending artery (LAD), with the mid LAD considered the most common location <sup>5</sup>, however other major coronary arteries can also be involved <sup>2</sup>.</p><h4>Clinical significance</h4><ul>- +</ul><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Normally major coronary arteries follow an epicardial course throughout their length, but in some cases segments of coronary arteries may course intramurally into the myocardium (tunneled artery). </p><p>Myocardial bridging may be described as superficial (incomplete) or deep (complete).</p><h5>Location</h5><p>Bridging is typically described for left anterior descending artery (LAD), with the mid LAD considered the most common location <sup>5</sup>, however other major coronary arteries can also be involved <sup>2</sup>.</p><h4>Clinical significance</h4><ul>
-<li>LAD myocardial bridging can be detected by both angiography and MDCT<ul>- +<li>LAD myocardial bridging can be detected by both angiography and coronary artery MDCT<ul>
-<li>MDCT directly shows a portion of the artery which is interventricular</li>-<li>MDCT is often better at detecting RCA myocardial bridging</li>- +<li>coronary artery MDCT directly shows a portion of the artery which is interventricular</li>
- +<li>coronary artery MDCT is often better at detecting RCA myocardial bridging</li>
Sections changed:
- Anatomy
Systems changed:
- Cardiac
Images Changes:
Image 1 CT (CTCA) ( create )
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.