Odontoid fracture
Disclosures
- updated 12 Nov 2023:
Nothing to disclose
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Odontoid process fracture,also known as a peg or dens fracture, occurs where there is a fracture through the odontoid process of C2.
Pathology
The mechanism of injury is variable, and can occur both during flexion or extension, and with or without compression 5.
Classification
There are two classification systems 5,6
-
Anderson and D'Alonzo
- most commonly used
- describes level of fracture line (i.e. through tip, base, or lateral masses)
-
Roy-Camille classification
- has been shown to better correlate with prognosis
- describes plane of fracture and displacement
Differential diagnosis
-<p><strong>Odontoid process fracture</strong>,<strong> </strong>also known as a <strong>peg</strong> or <strong>dens fracture</strong>, occurs where there is a fracture through the odontoid process of <a href="/articles/c2">C2</a>.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>The mechanism of injury is variable, and can occur both during flexion or extension, and with or without compression <sup>5</sup>.</p><h5>Classification</h5><p>There are two classification systems<sup> 5,6</sup></p><ul>-<li>-<a href="/articles/anderson-and-dalonzo-classification-of-odontoid-process-fracture">Anderson and D'Alonzo</a><ul>-<li>most commonly used</li>-<li>describes level of fracture line (i.e. through tip, base, or lateral masses)</li>-</ul>-</li>-<li>-<a href="/articles/roy-camille-classification-of-odontoid-process-fracture">Roy-Camille classification</a><ul>-<li>has been shown to better correlate with prognosis</li>-<li>describes plane of fracture and displacement</li>-</ul>-</li>-</ul><h4>Differential diagnosis</h4><ul>-<li><a href="/articles/os-odontoideum">os odontoideum</a></li>-<li><a href="/articles/persistent-ossiculum-terminale">persistent ossiculum terminale</a></li>-<li><a href="/articles/mach-bands">Mach effect</a></li>-<li><a href="/articles/dens-agenesis">dens agenesis</a></li>-<li><a href="/articles/hypoplasia-of-the-odontoid-process">hypoplasia of the odontoid process</a></li>- +<p><strong>Odontoid process fracture</strong>,<strong> </strong>also known as a <strong>peg</strong> or <strong>dens fracture</strong>, occurs where there is a fracture through the odontoid process of <a href="/articles/c2">C2</a>.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>The mechanism of injury is variable, and can occur both during flexion or extension, and with or without compression <sup>5</sup>.</p><h5>Classification</h5><p>There are two classification systems<sup> 5,6</sup></p><ul>
- +<li>
- +<a href="/articles/anderson-and-dalonzo-classification-of-odontoid-process-fracture">Anderson and D'Alonzo</a><ul>
- +<li>most commonly used</li>
- +<li>describes level of fracture line (i.e. through tip, base, or lateral masses)</li>
- +</ul>
- +</li>
- +<li>
- +<a href="/articles/roy-camille-classification-of-odontoid-process-fracture">Roy-Camille classification</a><ul>
- +<li>has been shown to better correlate with prognosis</li>
- +<li>describes plane of fracture and displacement</li>
- +</ul>
- +</li>
- +</ul><h4>Differential diagnosis</h4><ul>
- +<li><a href="/articles/os-odontoideum">os odontoideum</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/persistent-ossiculum-terminale">persistent ossiculum terminale</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/mach-bands">Mach effect</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/dens-agenesis">dens agenesis</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/hypoplasia-of-the-odontoid-process">hypoplasia of the odontoid process</a></li>
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