Paranasal sinuses
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data
Citation:
St-Amant M, Hacking C, Baba Y, et al. Paranasal sinuses. Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 21 Mar 2023) https://doi.org/10.53347/rID-25381
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rID:
25381
Article created:
22 Oct 2013, Maxime St-Amant
Disclosures:
At the time the article was created Maxime St-Amant had no recorded disclosures.
View Maxime St-Amant's current disclosuresLast revised:
Disclosures:
At the time the article was last revised Craig Hacking had the following disclosures:
- Philips Australia, Paid speaker at Philips Spectral CT events (ongoing)
These were assessed during peer review and were determined to not be relevant to the changes that were made.
View Craig Hacking's current disclosuresRevisions:
14 times, by 7 contributors - see full revision history and disclosures
Systems:
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Synonyms:
- Paranasal sinus
The paranasal sinuses usually consist of four paired air-filled spaces. They have several functions of which reducing the weight of the head is the most important. Other functions are air humidification and aiding in voice resonance. They are named for the facial bones in which they are located:
Variant anatomy
The paranasal sinuses are subject to marked variation between individuals and between sides in the same individual, regarding size (aeration) and bony septations.
total paranasal sinus agenesis - very rare 1
isolated frontal sinus agenesis - common
aerated Crista Galli
anterior clinoid process pneumatization
-
protrusion and/or dehiscence of
optic nerve
maxillary nerves
vidian nerves
-
pneumatization of
anterior clinoid processes
pterygoid processes
greater wing of sphenoid
sphenoid sinus septa attachment on the bony canal of the optic nerve
Quiz questions
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References
- 1. Korkmaz H & Korkmaz M. Total Aplasia of the Paranasal Sinuses. Allergy Rhinol (Providence). 2013;4(2):e105-9. doi:10.2500/ar.2013.4.0056 - Pubmed
- 2. Reddy U & Dev B. Pictorial Essay: Anatomical Variations of Paranasal Sinuses on Multidetector Computed Tomography-How Does It Help FESS Surgeons? Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2012;22(4):317-24. doi:10.4103/0971-3026.111486 - Pubmed
Related articles: Anatomy: Head and neck
- skeleton of the head and neck
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cranial vault
- scalp (mnemonic)
- fontanelle
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sutures
- calvarial
- facial
- frontozygomatic suture
- frontomaxillary suture
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- basal/internal
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- frontal bone
- temporal bone
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facial bones
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cranial vault
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facial muscles
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buccolabial muscles
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- depressor labii inferioris muscle
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- mentalis muscle
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orbicularis oris muscle
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orbicularis oris muscle
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suboccipital muscles
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deep spaces of the neck
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- deep cervical fascia
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arterial supply
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common carotid artery
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-
common carotid artery
- venous drainage
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arterial supply
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cranial nerves
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- optic nerve (CN II)
- oculomotor nerve (CN III)
- trochlear nerve (CN IV)
-
trigeminal nerve (CN V) (mnemonic)
- trigeminal ganglion
- ophthalmic division
- maxillary division
- mandibular division
- abducens nerve (CN VI)
- facial nerve (CN VII)
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vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
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cervical plexus
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ansa cervicalis
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- contribution to the accessory nerve (CN XI)
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cranial nerves
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