Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A
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Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) is a protein found in the maternal circulation and is produced by the placenta.
Low maternal serum PAPP-A levels in the first trimester have been associated with a wide range of fetal pathology and pregnancy complicationsrelated complications 1-4:
- Down syndrome
- aneuploidy
- miscarriage
- pregnancy-induced hypertension
- growth restriction
- gestational diabetes mellitus
-<p><strong>Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A</strong> (<strong>PAPP-A</strong>) is a protein found in the maternal circulation and is produced by the <a title="placenta" href="/articles/placenta">placenta</a>. </p><p>Low maternal serum PAPP-A levels in the <a title="First trimester" href="/articles/first-trimester">first trimester</a> have been associated with a wide range of fetal pathology and pregnancy complications <sup>1-4</sup>:</p><ul>-<li><a title="Down syndrome" href="/articles/down-syndrome">Down syndrome</a></li>-<li><a title="Aneuploidy" href="/articles/aneuploidy">aneuploidy</a></li>-<li><a title="Miscarriage" href="/articles/miscarriage">miscarriage</a></li>- +<p><strong>Pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A</strong> (<strong>PAPP-A</strong>) is a protein found in the maternal circulation and is produced by the <a href="/articles/placenta">placenta</a>. </p><p>Low maternal serum PAPP-A levels in the <a href="/articles/first-trimester">first trimester</a> have been associated with a wide range of fetal pathology and pregnancy related complications <sup>1-4</sup>:</p><ul>
- +<li><a href="/articles/down-syndrome">Down syndrome</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/aneuploidy">aneuploidy</a></li>
- +<li><a href="/articles/miscarriage">miscarriage</a></li>
-<li><a title="Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)" href="/articles/intra-uterine-growth-restriction-2">growth restriction</a></li>- +<li><a href="/articles/intra-uterine-growth-restriction-2">growth restriction</a></li>
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