Leukaemia testicular manifestations, or testicular leukaemia, can be seen in patients during and after acute leukaemia. The blood-testis barrier limits chemotherapy from reaching the testis, and therefore the testis can act as a sanctuary for leukaemic cells.
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Clinical presentation
Patients typically present with painless testicular enlargement, most commonly 2-3 years following primary disease diagnosis but recurrence has been reported up to 19 years post initial diagnosis 3.
Radiographic features
Ultrasound
Ultrasound appearance is often similar to testicular lymphoma, but it can have a very wide range of appearances:
testicular enlargement
unilateral or bilateral
focal or diffuse
hypoechoic to hyperechoic
Given the non-specific imaging features, an accurate clinical history is mandatory in order to make the correct diagnosis.
See also
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systemic involvement of leukaemia
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