Tracheal bronchus
Updates to Article Attributes
A tracheal bronchus (with some variations also known as a pig bronchus) is an anatomical variant where an accessory bronchus originates directly from the supracarinal trachea. The latter term (pig bronchus or bronchus suis) is often given when the entire upper lobe (usually right side) is supplied by this bronchus 5.
However, this term is used in some literature encompasses this term toto encompass a wider spectrum of abnormalities toincluding accessory bronchi originating from either the trachea or main bronchi.
They can be classified into two main types:
-
supranumerary
-: usual bronchial supply to affected lung segment is concurrently present -
displaced
- usual: usual bronchial supply to affected lung segment is concurrently absent
Epidemiology
The rate of incidence is estimated to range around ~1% (range 0.1-2%) and there is a marked right sided predilection 1-2,5.
Clinical presentation
Often incidentally discovered and most patients are asymptomatic. Occassionally patient'sOccasionally patients may have a recurrent (right) upper lobe pneumonia due to focal emphysematous change.
Pathology
It arises from athe right lateral wall of the trachea usually at a distance of less than 2cm2 cm from the level of the carina 5.
Radiographic features
CT
BestCT is the best modality for assessing anatomy. Allows and allows direct visualisation and orientatationorientation of the anomalous bronchus. Coronal multi-planar reconstructions in "lung window" settings are the most helpful and is best in depicting this anomaly.
History and etymology
It was initially described by Sandifort in 1785 2.
-<p>A <strong>tracheal bronchus</strong> (with some variations also known as a <strong>pig bronchus</strong>) is an anatomical variant where an accessory bronchus originates directly from the supracarinal <a href="/articles/trachea">trachea</a>. The latter term (<strong>pig bronchus</strong> or <strong>bronchus suis</strong>) is often given when the entire upper lobe (usually right side) is supplied by this bronchus <sup>5</sup>.</p><p>However, some literature encompasses this term to a wider spectrum of abnormalities to accessory bronchi originating from either the trachea or main bronchi.</p><p>They can be classified into two main types :</p><ul>- +<p>A <strong>tracheal bronchus</strong> (with some variations also known as a <strong>pig bronchus</strong>) is an anatomical variant where an accessory bronchus originates directly from the supracarinal <a href="/articles/trachea">trachea</a>. The latter term (<strong>pig bronchus</strong> or <strong>bronchus suis</strong>) is often given when the entire upper lobe (usually right side) is supplied by this bronchus <sup>5</sup>.</p><p>However, this term is used in some literature to encompass a wider spectrum of abnormalities including accessory bronchi originating from either the trachea or main bronchi.</p><p>They can be classified into two main types:</p><ul>
-<strong>supranumerary -</strong> usual bronchial supply to affected lung segment is concurrently present</li>- +<strong>supranumerary</strong>: usual bronchial supply to affected lung segment is concurrently present</li>
-<strong>displaced</strong> - usual bronchial supply to affected lung segment is concurrently absent</li>-</ul><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>The rate of incidence is estimated to range around ~1% (range 0.1-2%) and there is a marked right sided predilection <sup>1-2,5</sup>.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Often incidentally discovered and most patients are asymptomatic. Occassionally patient's may have a recurrent (right) upper lobe pneumonia due to focal emphysematous change.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>It arises from a right lateral wall of the trachea usually at distance of less than 2cm from the level of the carina <sup>5</sup>.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>CT</h5><p>Best for assessing anatomy. Allows direct visualisation and orientatation of anomalous bronchus. Coronal multi-planar reconstructions in "lung window" settings are the most helpful and is best in depicting this anomaly.</p><h4>History and etymology</h4><p>It was initially described by <strong>Sandifort</strong> in 1785 <sup>2</sup>.</p>- +<strong>displaced</strong>: usual bronchial supply to affected lung segment is concurrently absent</li>
- +</ul><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>The rate of incidence is estimated to range around ~1% (range 0.1-2%) and there is a marked right sided predilection <sup>1-2,5</sup>.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Often incidentally discovered and most patients are asymptomatic. Occasionally patients may have a recurrent (right) upper lobe pneumonia due to focal emphysematous change.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>It arises from the right lateral wall of the trachea usually at a distance of less than 2 cm from the level of the carina <sup>5</sup>.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>CT</h5><p>CT is the best modality for assessing anatomy and allows direct visualisation and orientation of the anomalous bronchus. Coronal multi-planar reconstructions in "lung window" settings are the most helpful and is best in depicting this anomaly.</p><h4>History and etymology</h4><p>It was initially described by <strong>Sandifort</strong> in 1785 <sup>2</sup>.</p>
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