Tracheal bronchus
Updates to Article Attributes
A tracheal bronchus (with some variations also known as a pig bronchus) is an anatomical variant where an accessory bronchus originates directly from the supracarinal trachea. The latter term (pig bronchus or bronchus suis) is often given when the entire upper lobe (usually right side) is supplied by this bronchus 5.
However, some literature encompasses this term to a wider spectrum of abnormalities to accessory bronchi originating from either the trachea or main bronchi.
They can be classified into two main types :
- supranumerary - usual bronchial supply to affected lung segment is concurrently present
- displaced - usual bronchial supply to affected lung segment is concurrently absent
Epidemiology
The rate of incidence is estimated to range around ~1% (range 0.1-2%) and there is a marked right sided predilection 1-2,5.
Clinical presentation
Often incidentally discovered and most patients are asymptomatic. Occassionally patient's may have a recurrent (right) upper lobe pneumonia to focal emphysematous change.
Pathology
It arises from a right lateral wall of the trachea usually at distance of less than 2cm from the level of the carina 5.
Radiographic features
CT
Best for assessing anatomy. Allows direct visualisation and orientatation of anomalous bronchus. Coronal multi-planar reconstructions in "lung window" settings are the most helpful and is best in depicting this anomaly.
EtymologyHistory and etymology
It was initially described by Sandifort in 1785 2.
-</ul><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>The rate of incidence is estimated to range around ~1% (range 0.1-2%) and there is a marked right sided predilection <sup>1-2,5</sup>.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Often incidentally discovered and most patients are asymptomatic. Occassionally patient's may have a recurrent (right) upper lobe pneumonia to focal emphysematous change.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>It arises from a right lateral wall of the trachea usually at distance of less than 2cm from the level of the carina <sup>5</sup>.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>CT</h5><p>Best for assessing anatomy. Allows direct visualisation and orientatation of anomalous bronchus. Coronal multi-planar reconstructions in "lung window" settings are the most helpful and is best in depicting this anomaly.</p><h4>Etymology</h4><p>It was initially described by <strong>Sandifort</strong> in 1785 <sup>2</sup>.</p>- +</ul><h4>Epidemiology</h4><p>The rate of incidence is estimated to range around ~1% (range 0.1-2%) and there is a marked right sided predilection <sup>1-2,5</sup>.</p><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Often incidentally discovered and most patients are asymptomatic. Occassionally patient's may have a recurrent (right) upper lobe pneumonia to focal emphysematous change.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>It arises from a right lateral wall of the trachea usually at distance of less than 2cm from the level of the carina <sup>5</sup>.</p><h4>Radiographic features</h4><h5>CT</h5><p>Best for assessing anatomy. Allows direct visualisation and orientatation of anomalous bronchus. Coronal multi-planar reconstructions in "lung window" settings are the most helpful and is best in depicting this anomaly.</p><h4>History and etymology</h4><p>It was initially described by <strong>Sandifort</strong> in 1785 <sup>2</sup>.</p>
Image ( destroy )
Image 4 CT (Virtual broncoscopy) ( update )
Image 5 CT (lung window) ( update )
Image 6 CT (bone window) ( create )
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