345 results
Article
Round pneumonia
Round pneumonia is a type of pneumonia usually only seen in paediatric patients. They are well defined, rounded opacities that represent regions of infected consolidation.
Epidemiology
The mean age of patients with round pneumonia is 5 years and 90% of patients who present with round pneumonia...
Article
Solitary well-defined osteolytic lesion (differential)
Solitary well-defined osteolytic lesions can be seen with the following conditions 1,2:
subchondral geodes or cysts
intraosseous ganglion
intraosseous tophus (gout)
unicameral bone cyst
aneurysmal bone cyst
glomangioma
enchondroma
epidermoid inclusion cyst
chondroblastoma
non-ossifying...
Article
Pseudo Meigs syndrome
Pseudo Meigs syndrome refers to a clinical syndrome of pleural effusion and ascites associated with an ovarian tumour that is not a fibroma or a fibroma-like tumour.
Pathology
Entities that have been reported to result in pseudo Meigs syndrome include
Krukenberg tumours
colon carcinoma metas...
Article
Sclerosing stromal tumour of the ovary
Sclerosing stromal tumour (SST) of the ovary is a rare ovarian neoplasm. It is considered a subtype of ovarian sex cord / stromal tumour and is included in the fibroma-thecoma group of ovarian tumours 9.
Epidemiology
It occurs predominantly in young women and its incidence peaks around the 2nd...
Article
Benign tumours and tumour-like lesions of the gallbladder
The gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts play host to a surprisingly large number of benign tumours and tumour-like lesions which may be visible on imaging. In the gallbladder, most of them are detected incidentally, whereas in the bile ducts they are usually found in symptomatic patients (ob...
Article
Ovarian fibromatosis
Ovarian fibromatosis refers to a rare benign phenomenon where there is tumour-like ovarian enlargement due to diffuse ovarian fibrosis.
Epidemiology
It may have a predilection towards younger pre-menopausal females (age range around 13-39 years) with a mean age of presentation of 25 years 5.
...
Article
Proptosis
Proptosis (rare plural: proptoses) refers to forward protrusion of the globe with respect to the orbit. Proptosis can be relative (to the contralateral eye), comparative (to a prior measurement of the same eye), or absolute (based on normal population reference values).
Terminology
Exophthalmo...
Article
Pseudomyogenic haemangioendothelioma
Pseudomyogenic haemangioendotheliomas, also known as epithelioid sarcoma-like haemangioendotheliomas, are locally aggressive and rarely metastasising vascular neoplasms with histological similarities to myoid tumours and epithelioid sarcomas.
Epidemiology
Pseudomyogenic haemangioendotheliomas...
Article
Soft tissue lesions with predominately low T1 and T2 signal (differential)
Soft tissue lesions with predominantly low T1 and T2 signal have a reasonably long differential, including:
Common
air/gas
densely calcified/ossified lesions
foreign body
gout
flow voids
arteriovenous fistula
aneurysm
postoperative changes
haematoma, chronic
plantar fibromatosis
ten...
Article
Single pleural based mass (differential)
The differential for a single pleural mass is essentially the same as that for multiple pleural masses with the addition of a few entities.
tumours
pleural tumours
solitary fibrous tumour of the pleura (pleural fibroma)
mesothelioma
localised mediastinal malignant mesothelioma
metastatic...
Article
Diaphyseal lesions (mnemonic)
A mnemonic for a short list of diaphyseal lesions is:
CEMENT
Mnemonic
C: bone cysts
E: enchondroma/Ewing sarcoma
M: bone metastasis
E: eosinophilic granuloma
N: non-ossifying fibroma (NOF)
T: tuberculosis/osteomyelitis
Article
Medical abbreviations and acronyms (C)
This article contains a list of commonly used medical abbreviations and acronyms that start with the letter C and may be encountered in medicine and radiology (please keep both the main list and any sublists in alphabetic order).
A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q...
Article
Jaffe-Campanacci syndrome
Jaffe-Campanacci syndrome is characterised by:
multiple non-ossifying fibromas of the long bones and jaw
café au lait spots
intellectual disability
kyphoscoliosis
hypogonadism or cryptorchidism
ocular malformations
cardiovascular malformations
giant cell granuloma of the jaw
axillary an...
Article
Oesophageal fibrovascular polyp
Oesophageal fibrovascular polyps are benign intraluminal submucosal pedunculated tumours that can grow significantly and cause dysphagia. They usually occur in the upper third of the ooesophagus, at the level of the upper oesophageal sphincter.
Terminology
They were previously denominated oes...
Article
Bone infarction
Bone infarction is a term used to refer to osteonecrosis within the metaphysis or diaphysis of a bone. Necrosis is a type of cell death due to irreversible cell injury, which can be recognised microscopically by alterations in the cytoplasm (becomes eosinophilic) and in the nucleus (swelling, py...
Article
Idiopathic osteosclerosis of the mandible
Idiopathic osteosclerosis of the mandible is a common incidental finding on dental imaging.
Terminology
Idiopathic Osteosclerosis is also known as dense bone islands, enostoses, bone scar, bone whorl or focal periapical osteopetrosis 1,2,3.
Idiopathic osteosclerosis is the preferred terminolo...
Article
Bullough lesion
Bullough lesions, or Bullough's bumps, are protuberant fibro-osseous lesions of the temporal bone, involving the external mastoid surface.
Epidemiology
Only a handful of case reports are available since it was first described in 1999 1-4.
Pathology
These lesions feature a bland fibrous strom...
Article
Intrapleural space
The intrapleural or pleural space is the fluid-filled space in between the parietal and visceral layers of the pleura. In normal conditions it contains only a small amount of serous pleural fluid.
Variant anatomy
Rarely there may be anomalous communication of the pleural spaces anteriorly.
R...
Article
Ankle radiograph (checklist)
The ankle radiograph checklist is just one of the many pathology checklists that can be used when reporting to ensure that you always actively exclude pathology that is commonly missed; this is particularly helpful in the examination setting, e.g. the FRCR 2B rapid-reporting.
Radiograph
The ma...
Article
Epithelioid haemangioma of bone
Epithelioid haemangiomas of bone are benign intraosseous vascular neoplasms of epithelioid morphology which show locally aggressive behaviour.
Terminology
The following terms are not recommended 1:
histiocytoid haemangioma
haemorrhagic epithelioid haemangioma
spindle cell haemangioma
Epid...
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