Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
262 results
Article
Spinal interventional procedures
There are a number of different spinal interventional procedures that can help diagnose and manage low back pain. Lumbar degenerative facet joints, lumbar disc disease and sacroiliac joint pain account for nearly 70% of cases of lower back pain.
Unfortunately, as the incidence of degenerative c...
Article
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) is a radiographic technique employed in the visualisation of the biliary tree and can be used as the first step in a number of percutaneous biliary interventions (e.g. percutaneous transhepatic biliary stent placement)
Indications
Purely diagnost...
Article
Glenohumeral joint hydrodilatation
Glenohumeral joint (shoulder) hydrodilatation or tension arthrography is an established treatment for adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder (frozen shoulder) and can be performed using a variety of modalities.
Indications
adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder
Contraindications
anticoagulation/c...
Article
Labelled imaging anatomy cases
This article lists a series of labelled imaging anatomy cases by body region and modality.
Brain
CT head: non-contrast axial
CT head: non-contrast coronal
CT head: non-contrast sagittal
CT head: non-contrast axial with clinical questions
CT head: angiogram axial
CT head: angiogram coronal...
Article
Central venous catheter
Central venous catheters (CVC), also known as central venous lines (CVL), refer to a wide range of catheters that are inserted so that their distal tips lie in a central vein. Central venous access devices can broadly be divided into four categories. They may be inserted by medical, surgical, an...
Article
Image plate artifact
Image plate artifact is caused by backscatter radiation.
Backscatter radiation is transmitted through the back of the cassette to the cassette hinge where the lead coating gets weakened or cracked.
To reduce backscatter, the radiographer should collimate where possible.
Article
Radial artery access
Radial artery access is a minimally invasive approach for vascular access in interventional procedures. This route has widely been adopted since it reduced significantly the transfemoral-related complications. It is the recommended access route by the European Society of Cardiology for angiograp...
Article
Liver and biliary interventional procedures
There is a wide range of liver and biliary interventional procedures, both diagnostic and therapeutic, most commonly using CT-guidance or ultrasound-guidance.
Vascular Interventions:
transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)
transjugular liver biopsy (TJLB)
Percutaneous interven...
Article
Pelvic phlebography
Pelvic phlebography or pelvic venography is an interventional procedure, in which the pelvic and gonadal veins are opacified to assess venous and collateral system anatomy for the diagnosis, treatment and pre-operative planning of pelvic vein pathology.
This procedure is usually performed at th...
Article
Cobra catheter
The Cobra tip shape configuration is used in selective angiographic catheters and designed for catheterisation and subselection of vessels, in order to secure access, advance, exchange devices, or deliver contrast in the target vessel 1.
The Cobra tip-shape configuration is also used in urology...
Article
Ultrasound guided percutaneous drainage
Ultrasound guided percutaneous drainage is one form of image guided procedure, allowing minimally invasive treatment of collections that are accessible by ultrasound study.
It has several advantages and disadvantages over CT, which include:
Advantages
is a dynamic study, allowing greater prec...
Article
CT guided percutaneous drainage
CT guided percutaneous drainage is one form of image-guided drainage, allowing minimally invasive treatment of collections, potentially anywhere in the body. Although less commonly used than ultrasound guidance, it is particularly valuable in gaining access to deeper or more posterior parts of t...
Article
Subacromial bursal injection
Subacromial bursal corticosteroid injections, also known as subacromial-subdeltoid bursal injections, are used in patients with limited or no response to initial treatment with impingement syndrome, subacromial bursitis and/or rotator cuff disorders. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs...
Article
Caudal epidural injection
Caudal epidural injections, or sacral hiatus epidural injections, are one of several possible spinal epidural injections.
Indications
Typically, epidural injections are performed in patients who are not surgical candidates. The caudal injection can be performed when patients are on anticoagul...
Article
Cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injection
Cervical interlaminar epidural steroid injections (ILESIs) are used to inject steroids in the epidural space and around the exiting nerve roots and are one of the two main spinal epidural injections; the other is cervical transforaminal epidural injections.
Indications
Typically performed in ...
Article
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation
Transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation (TACE), also known as transarterial chemoembolisation, is a minimally-invasive method of administering chemotherapy directly to a liver tumour via a catheter under digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The chemoembolic agent may be delivered as a mixture...
Article
CT guided biopsy
CT guided biopsy is a type of image-guided biopsy. It is generally less commonly used than ultrasound-guided biopsy, however, in some anatomical areas, it has greater precedence, such as lung and bone biopsies.
CT guided biopsy requires good teamwork with radiographic staff as it is not truly d...
Article
Knee joint injection (technique)
Knee joint injections under image guidance ensure precise delivery of an injectate into the knee joint. Either fluoroscopy, ultrasound or CT can be used to guide and administer injectates, which may be diagnostic (e.g. anaesthetic), "therapeutic" (e.g. anaesthetic/steroids, PRP), or for CT or MR...
Article
Ultrasound guided breast biopsy
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous breast biopsy is a widely used technique for an accurate histopathological assessment of suspected breast pathology. It is a fast, safe and economical procedure.
Indications
Ultrasound guidance is limited to lesions visible on ultrasound study. The biopsy is gene...
Article
Carotid web
Carotid webs, also known as carotid intimal variant fibromuscular dysplasia, are rare vascular pathologies of the internal carotid artery that are an important cause of cryptogenic and recurrent ischaemic stroke.
Terminology
Carotid webs have had many different names in the literature, includi...
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