146 results
Article
Chorda tympani
The chorda tympani is a nerve that arises from the mastoid segment of the facial nerve, carrying afferent special sensation from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue via the lingual nerve, as well as efferent parasympathetic secretomotor innervation to the submandibular and sublingual glands.
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Article
Citelli abscess
Citelli abscesses are a suppurative complication of acute mastoiditis. The term may refer to extracranial abscesses in two different juxtamastoidal locations:
posterior to the mastoid involving/abutting the occipital bone
anteroinferior to the mastoid tip involving the digastric muscle or with...
Article
Squamous part of temporal bone
The squamous part of the temporal bone (or squamous temporalis/squamous temporal bone) is a very thin bone and forms the anterosuperior aspect of the temporal bone.
Gross anatomy
The squamous temporal bone's outer convex surface provides attachment to the temporalis muscle and forms a boundary...
Article
Greater auricular nerve
The greater auricular nerve is a cutaneous branch of the cervical plexus that innervates the skin of the auricle as well as skin over the parotid gland and mastoid process. The greater auricular nerve also supplies branches that innervate the deep layer of the parotid fascia.
Gross anatomy
O...
Article
Temporal bone
The temporal bone is situated on the sides and the base of the cranium and lateral to the temporal lobe of the cerebrum. The temporal bone is one of the most important calvarial and skull base bones.
Gross anatomy
The temporal bone is divided into several main parts/portions 1-3:
squamous pa...
Article
Occipital artery
The occipital artery is a branch of the external carotid artery in the neck. It sweeps an oblique posterosuperior course under the skull base to supply regions of the upper neck, occiput and posterior fossa.
Summary
origin: posterior from the proximal external carotid artery
termination: post...
Article
Middle ear
The middle ear or middle ear cavity, also known as tympanic cavity or tympanum (plural: tympanums/tympana), is an air-filled chamber in the petrous part of the temporal bone. It is separated from the external ear by the tympanic membrane, and from the inner ear by the medial wall of the tympanic...
Article
Tegmen
The tegmen is the thin osseous plate that separates the middle cranial fossa from the tympanic and mastoid cavities of the temporal bone. It is comprised of two or three parts 1,2:
tegmen tympani (roof of the tympanic cavity)
tegmen mastoideum (roof of the mastoid cavity)
tegmen antri (roof o...
Article
Canal wall up mastoidectomy
A canal wall up mastoidectomy is one of the types of mastoidectomies that can be performed. This involves exenteration of the mastoid air cells with preservation of the posterior wall of the external auditory canal, creating a mastoid bowl or cavity.
This procedure includes removal of Koerner...
Article
Subdural empyema
Subdural empyema is a type of intracranial infection characterized by a suppurative collection between the dura mater and the arachnoid mater. It is commonly seen as a complication of sinusitis, otitis, mastoiditis, or surgical intervention.
On imaging, it tends to present as a subdural collect...
Article
Basal cell carcinoma of external auditory canal
The carcinomas of the external auditory canal are unusual with an annual incidence of one per million 1. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common tumor of EAC accounting for 80% of all tumors followed by basal cell carcinoma as the second most common histological type 2,3.
Clinical pre3sentat...
Article
Adnexa (disambiguation)
Adnexa (single/plural) is a general term that refers to the accessory structures of an organ.
Adnexa have been described in relation to:
cutaneous/skin adnexa
hair follicles, sweat glands, nails
adnexa mastoidea
structures in the mastoid (posterior) wall of the middle ear, e.g. mastoid antr...
Article
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
The sternocleidomastoid muscle (also known as sternomastoid) is found in the neck. It has two heads that meld to form one insertion. Sternocleidomastoid muscle, along with the trapezius muscle, is invested by the superficial layer of the deep cervical fascia, which splits around it. Sternocleido...
Article
Otitis media
Otitis media refers to inflammation or infection of the middle ear cavity.
Terminology
The specific type of otitis media depends on various clinical findings and setting:
acute otitis media: acute infection of the middle ear
otitis media with effusion: middle ear fluid without signs or sympt...
Article
Transcranial Doppler sonography (ultrasound)
Transcranial Doppler (TCD), also known as transcranial color-coded duplex sonography (TCCS) is a sonographic study of intracranial structures and blood vessels, used most commonly to identify the hemodynamic state present in the vertebrobasilar circulation and the circle of Willis.
Termin...
Article
CSF rhinorrhea
CSF rhinorrhea refers to a symptom of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage extracranially into the paranasal sinuses, thence into the nasal cavity, and exiting via the anterior nares. It can occur whenever there is an osseous and dural defect of the skull base that communicates directly or indirect...
Article
External auditory canal
The external auditory canal (EAC) or external auditory meatus (EAM) extends from the lateral porus acusticus externus medially to the tympanic membrane.
Terminology
As the term external auditory meatus is variably used to refer to the canal itself or the porus acusticus externus (the round lat...
Article
Transsphenoidal basilar skull fracture
Transsphenoidal basilar skull fractures are a particularly serious type of basilar skull fracture usually occurring in the setting of severe traumatic brain injury and with potential for serious complications including damaging the internal carotid arteries and optic nerves as well as high incid...
Article
Otomastoiditis
Otomastoiditis refers to inflammation of both the middle ear (otitis media) and mastoid (mastoiditis), can be divided into two distinct entities:
acute otomastoiditis: usually due to bacterial infection
chronic otomastoiditis: usually due to Eustachian tube dysfunction
Article
Occipitotemporal suture
The occipitotemporal or occipitomastoid suture is the obliquely oriented articulation of the anterior border of the squamous occipital bone and the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. A mastoid foramen is occasionally located near or in it.
The occipitotemporal suture and the parietotemporal ...
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