Search results for “ophthalmology”
30 results found
Article
Optic nerve sheath meningioma
Optic nerve meningiomas are benign tumors arising from the arachnoid cap cells of the optic nerve sheath and represent ~20% of all orbital meningiomas, the majority of which are direct extensions from intracranial meningiomas.
These tumors typically appear as masses within the optic nerve, iso...
Article
Indocyanine green lymphangiography
Indocyanine green (ICG) lymphangiography is an emerging imaging technique used to visualize lymphatic vessels and map their course as they drain to sentinel lymph nodes.
History
Indocyanine green is a fluorescent dye discovered by researchers at Kodak working on near-infrared photography in 1...
Article
Technique of masking
Masking is very important when viewing mammograms, especially with high-density breasts. It helps the adaptation of the eye to the luminance of the mammograms on the view box.
The technique of masking allows the comparative study of small areas of both breasts and is a feature of motorised view...
Article
Orbital pathology
Orbital pathology covers a variety of diverse diseases that affect the orbit. The complicating factor is that the orbit is composed of a large number of different tissues which each have a plethora of pathologies that can affect them.
Classification
For simplification, they can be separated i...
Article
Plexiform neurofibroma
Plexiform neurofibroma is an uncommon variant of neurofibroma, a benign tumor of peripheral nerves (WHO grade I), arising from a proliferation of all neural elements. Plexiform neurofibromas are essentially pathognomonic of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Unlike small sporadic localized neurofib...
Article
Breast architectural distortion
Breast architectural distortion is a descriptive term in breast imaging (mammography, ultrasound, and MRI) to indicate that the breast parenchyma is tethered or indented. The finding per se is not a mass.
Pathology
Architectural distortion is often due to a desmoplastic reaction in which there...
Article
Gastric lymphoma
Gastric lymphoma may either represent secondary involvement by systemic disease or primary malignancy confined to the stomach.
Epidemiology
Gastric lymphoma represents the most common site of extranodal lymphoma, accounting for 25% of all such lymphomas, 50% of all gastrointestinal lymphomas...
Article
Bone marrow
Bone marrow is ubiquitous throughout the skeleton, primarily composed of hematopoietic cells and fat cells between bony trabeculae and fibrous retinacula. It performs numerous physiological functions and dynamically changes during normal aging and in response to stressors and pathology. Although...
Article
Primary uveal malignant melanoma
Malignant uveal melanomas, also referred to as choroidal melanomas, are the most common primary tumor of the adult eye 3.
Epidemiology
Malignant melanoma of the uvea is the most common primary intraocular malignancy and is predominantly seen in the White population 5. The incidence of these t...
Case
Poorly differentiated sinonasal adenocarcinoma
Published
18 Feb 2023
95% complete
CT
MRI
Article
Papillary thyroid cancer
Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignancy of the thyroid gland and frequently has nodal metastases at presentation.
Terminology
When the tumor measures <1 cm, the term micropapillary carcinoma (mPTC) is used 14.
Epidemiology
Papillary thyroid cancer (as is the case wit...
Article
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome
Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) is a very rare genetic multi-system disorder primarily characterized by intellectual disability, broad and often angulated thumbs and halluces, and distinctive facial features.
Epidemiology
The estimated incidence is 1 in 100,000-125,000 live births 5.
Clinical...
Case
Orbital extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma
Published
27 Mar 2024
87% complete
CT
MRI
Case
Infiltrating ductal carcinoma
Published
15 Jan 2013
85% complete
Mammography
Article
Primary cutaneous melanoma
Primary cutaneous melanoma is the most common subtype of melanoma, a malignant neoplasm that arises from melanocytes. Melanocytes predominantly occur in the basal layer of the epidermis but do occur elsewhere in the body. Primary cutaneous melanoma is by far the most common type of primary melan...
Case
Ductal carcinoma in situ in an invasive ductal carcinoma
Published
03 Aug 2012
85% complete
Mammography
Article
Orbital lymphoma
Primary lymphoma of the orbit is one of the most common orbital tumors and accounts for as much as half of all orbital malignancies. It is a B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and in most cases arises from mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT).
Epidemiology
Orbital lymphomas account for only 2% o...
Case
Pituitary macroadenoma
Published
23 Feb 2015
74% complete
MRI
Case
Invasive ductal carcinoma - parenchymal distortion
Published
25 May 2013
95% complete
Mammography
Annotated image
Ultrasound
Case
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the lacrimal gland
Published
07 Oct 2010
81% complete
MRI
CT
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