Items tagged “case3”
243 results found
Article
Milan criteria in liver transplantation
The Milan criteria are used to assess suitability in patients for liver transplantation with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with comparable outcomes when compared to patients with liver cirrhosis but without HCC 3.
Usage
The Milan criteria are widely accepted and used, however, t...
Article
Positive carpal sign
The positive carpal sign is a useful radiographic sign for the diagnosis of Turner syndrome in association with other musculoskeletal manifestations. Abnormality in the shape of the proximal carpal row in the dorsopalmar radiographs of the wrist and hand (taken in the neutral position is key to ...
Article
WHO grading system for diffuse astrocytomas
The WHO grading system is the most widely used system for grading diffuse astrocytomas (c.2022). It is an adaptation of the now-superseded St Anne-Mayo grading system (also known as the Daumas-Duport grading system).
Classification
Grade 1 is reserved for localised astrocytomas (see WHO class...
Article
Osteoarthritis of the vertebral column
Osteoarthritis of the vertebral column, also known as spinal osteoarthritis, is so common that it is widely known as spinal "degenerative change". Complications such as spinal stenosis are important to recognise.
Radiographic features
Spinal osteoarthritis presents radiologically like other j...
Article
Wackenheim line
The Wackenheim line, also known as the clivus canal line or basilar line, can be used to assess for atlanto-occipital dissociation.
Measurement
The Wackenheim line is the caudal extension of a line drawn along the posterior cortex of the clivus on lateral cervical spine radiographs 1.
Interpr...
Article
Ahlbäck classification of knee osteoarthritis
The Ahlbäck classification is one of many ways to grade knee osteoarthritis.
Usage
The Ahlbäck classification is in common use (c. 2012) in both clinical and research settings 2.
Classification
grade 1: joint space narrowing (<3 mm)
grade 2: joint space obliteration
grade 3: minor bone at...
Article
Miller Fisher syndrome
Miller Fisher syndrome is an immune-mediated condition characterised by the triad of cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, and external ophthalmoplegia. It is believed to represent, along with several other entities, different clinical manifestations of a similar underlying autoimmune disorder, the anti...
Article
RANO criteria for glioma
Response assessment in neuro-oncology (RANO) criteria, published in 2010 1, are used to assess response to first-line treatment of glioblastoma (as well as lower grade astrocytoma 3) and have largely superseded the older Macdonald criteria (which only dealt with glioblastoma multiforme) 2.
For ...
Article
Bent bone dysplasias (differential)
Bent bone dysplasias are a class of skeletal dysplasia included in a 2010 classification of genetic skeletal disorders 1:
campomelic dysplasia
Stuve-Weidemann dysplasia
kyphomelic dysplasias, a diverse class, including
congenital bowing of the long bones
cartilage-hair hypoplasia (CHH; meta...
Article
MRI grading system for abnormal meniscal signal intensity
MRI grading system for abnormal high meniscal signal intensity was reported by Lotysch et al.
Classification
Grade 1 to 3 have been described on MRI:
grade 1: small focal area of hyperintensity, no extension to the articular surface
grade 2: linear areas of hyperintensity, no extension to ...
Article
Missing IUCD
A missing IUCD is considered when the retrieval strings of certain types of intrauterine contraception devices (IUCD) cannot be seen on physical examination. The possibilities are
expulsion of IUCD
migration of IUCD
detachment of IUCD thread
uterine perforation in IUCD
embedd...
Article
Myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma
Myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma is an uncommon intermediate-grade fibroblastic/myofibroblastic tumour.
Terminology
When occurring the finger, the term acral myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma is used.
Epidemiology
It typically affects adults.
Clinical presentation
The patient ma...
Article
Localisation of parotid lesions
Localisation of parotid lesions to the superficial and/or deep parotid gland is an essential aspect of imaging and vital information which needs to be conveyed to the surgeon.
Measurement
The following lines are proposed for differentiating superficial from deep lobe:
Conn's arc (CA): drawn w...
Article
Plantar xanthoma
Plantar xanthoma is a condition when xanthomatous deposits occur within the plantar fascia.
Clinical presentation
Plantar xanthomas are usually asymptomatic, although in some instances may result in vague pain and may also have unfavourable cosmetic effects.
Pathology
Xanthomas consist of l...
Article
Postcaval recess
The postcaval recess is one of the pericardial recesses forming a small space within the pericardium, which arises from the pericardial cavity proper. It is located posterior to the superior vena cava and superior to the right superior pulmonary vein. It may mimic mediastinal lymphadenopathy or ...
Article
Left pulmonic recess
The left pulmonic recess is one of the pericardial recesses forming a small space within the pericardium, which arises from the transverse pericardial sinus. It is located posterior to the pulmonary trunk and left pulmonary artery. It may mimic mediastinal lymphadenopathy or a bronchogenic cyst.
Article
Complex midfacial fracture
Complex midfacial fractures consist of multiple facial fractures that cannot be classified as any of the defined complex facial fractures (e.g. Le Fort fracture, zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture, naso-orbital-ethmoid fracture).
Article
Eaton classification of volar plate avulsion injury
The Eaton classification can be used to classify volar plate avulsion injuries of the fingers.
Usage
Along with the Keifhaber-Stern classification, this classification is considered (c. 2016) one of the most useful classifications for the management of volar plate avulsion injuries 2.
Knowle...
Article
Dameron-Lawrence-Botte classification of proximal 5th metatarsal fractures
The Dameron-Lawrence-Botte classification, or Lawrence-Botte classification, is a commonly used system for proximal fifth metatarsal fractures as it has management implications 3.
Classification
Under this system, proximal fifth metatarsal fractures are categorised into one of three anatomic ...
Article
Pituitary carcinoma
Pituitary carcinomas are rare tumours indistinguishable from pituitary adenomas on imaging and defined only by the presence of central nervous system or systemic metastases.
Epidemiology
The incidence is estimated at less than 0.5% of the pituitary symptomatic tumours 1.
Clinical presentatio...
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.