Items tagged “cases”
5,532 results found
Article
Arachnoiditis ossificans
Arachnoiditis ossificans is considered a sequela of chronic arachnoiditis where there is a development of calcification-ossification of the arachnoid membrane usually of the thoracic and lumbar spines. It is an extremely rare cause of spinal canal stenosis and consequent neurological compromise....
Article
Minimal aortic injury
Minimal aortic injury (MAI) is a mild form of blunt traumatic aortic injury which are limited to the aortic intima and are recognized more frequently due to the use of high-resolution vascular imaging in trauma.
Epidemiology
Minimal aortic injuries account for 10-28% of all blunt traumatic aor...
Article
Stump appendicitis
Stump appendicitis refers to inflammation of the residual appendiceal tissue post appendectomy.
Pathology
Partial removal of the appendix with a residual stump allows for a chance of recurrent appendicitis. Chances of a partial removal are found to be higher in cases where there is a wrong ide...
Article
COL4A1 brain small-vessel disease
COL4A1 brain small-vessel disease is an autosomal dominant monogenic COL4A1-related disorder that primarily causes cerebral small vessel disease.
Epidemiology
The exact prevalence is unknown, but the condition is likely under-diagnosed.
Clinical presentation
The clinical presentation is vari...
Article
COL4A1-related disorders
COL4A1-related disorders are a group of autosomal dominant disorders caused by a mutation in the COL4A1 gene.
Epidemiology
The exact prevalence is unknown, but the group of disorders is considered to be under-recognized, especially asymptomatic variants 1.
Clinical presentation
The clinical ...
Article
Hereditary angiopathy with nephropathy, aneurysms, and muscle cramps syndrome
Hereditary angiopathy with nephropathy, aneurysms, and muscle cramps (HANAC) syndrome is an autosomal dominant monogenic COL4A1-related disorder.
Epidemiology
The exact prevalence is unknown.
Clinical presentation
The cardinal features of HANAC syndrome are helpfully described in the name of...
Article
Retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations
Retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations (RVCL-S) is an autosomal dominant microvasculopathy of the brain, retina, and other organ systems.
Terminology
RVCL-S encompasses several previously described conditions 1,2, including cerebroretinal vasculopath...
Article
Intrabiliary rupture of hepatic hydatid cyst
Intrabiliary rupture of hepatic hydatid cyst is a common complication associated with hepatic hydatid cysts. It is important to appreciate the direct and indirect signs of this condition.
Radiographic features
The radiological features of intrabiliary rupture of a hepatic hydatid cyst can be c...
Article
Synovial enhancement
Synovial enhancement is an imaging feature typically observed on MRI imaging. It can occur in various forms and can be focal or diffuse.
Pathology
inflammatory
synovitis
transient synovitis of the hip
infective synovitis
inflammatory arthritides
septic arthritis
tuberculous septic arthri...
Article
Third condyle
The third condyle, also known as condylus tertius or the median occipital condyle, is a rare anatomical variant of the occipital bone that may mimic an occipital condyle fracture. It is part of the spectrum of occipital vertebrae.
Epidemiology
The third condyle is a rare variant, found in appr...
Article
Intraparietal sulcus
The intraparietal sulcus together with the postcentral sulcus, is one of the two main sulci of the parietal lobe. It runs from the post-central sulcus towards the occipital pole, dividing the lateral parietal lobe into the superior and inferior parietal lobules. The floor of the intraparietal su...
Article
Benign post-traumatic pseudopneumoperitoneum
Benign post-traumatic pseudopneumoperitoneum is the presence of ectopic gas typically between the 5th-10th intercostal spaces after high-energy trauma in the absence of other causes of pseudopneumoperitoneum such as pneumomediastinum 9.
Epidemiology
Occurs with an incidence of 5% post-trauma...
Article
Contrast-induced neurotoxicity
Contrast-induced neurotoxicity, also known as iodinated contrast-induced encephalopathy, is a rare complication of iodinated intravascular contrast resulting in a usually temporary neurological deficit. CT imaging findings can be dramatic, demonstrating contrast staining and edema, but spontaneo...
Article
Posterior perforated substance
The posterior perforated substance or substantia perforata posterior, is an area of grey matter in the brain situated in the interpeduncular fossa between the cerebral crura.
Gross anatomy
The posterior perforated substance is a triangular area of grey matter located within the interpeduncular...
Article
CT polytrauma (approach)
Below is an approach used for the "primary survey" of a CT polytrauma/multitrauma (also called trauma CT or whole body CT), often performed at the CT console with the patient still on the CT table. It allows rapid communication of significant findings to the trauma team as well as the decision ...
Article
Levator ani syndrome
Levator ani syndrome (LAS) is a musculoskeletal pain syndrome involving the pelvic floor, thought to be caused by spasm or scarring of the levator ani muscles.
Clinical presentation
Levator ani syndrome is characterized by recurrent pain, pressure or discomfort in the region of the rectum, sac...
Article
Lateral horn
The lateral horn of the spinal cord is the small lateral projection of grey matter located between the dorsal horn and ventral horn and contain the neuronal cell bodies of the sympathetic nervous system.
Gross anatomy
On transverse section of the spinal cord, the spinal grey matter is describe...
Article
Height adjusted total kidney volume
Height adjusted total kidney volume (HtTKV) is used in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease to predict the onset of renal insufficiency. There is strong evidence to indicate that baseline htTKV predicts, with good sensitivity and specificity, the development of renal insuff...
Article
Causes of dementia (mnemonic)
The causes of dementia can be remembered using the mnemonics:
VANISHED
DEMENTIA
VANISHED
V: vascular, vitamin deficiency: B1, B6, B12, folate
A: Alzheimer disease, autoimmune: cerebral vasculitis, systemic lupus erythematosus
N: normal pressure hydrocephalus, neoplasia
I: infection, e.g. ...
Article
Hoffa fat pad herniation
Hoffa fat pad herniation is defined as herniation of infrapatellar fat through a defect in the lateral retinaculum. It is an uncommon cause of an anterolateral knee mass often detected at the fully flexed knee 1.
Clinical presentation
Mainly occurs in preschool-aged and young children as a pai...
Unable to process the form. Check for errors and try again.