Background radiation equivalent time
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Subjecting a patient to radiation exposure is a measured, justified means aiding patient care. Each medical imaging examination utilises ionising radiation adheres to the fundamental principles of radiation protection.The general public's understanding of ionising radiation is limited 1; this article provides a basic comparison of common medical imaging examinations in contrast to natural background radiation. Background radiation is multifactorial, a significant source of background radiation is due to natural radioactivity within geographical structures, this is defined as terrestrial radiation 2. Additionally, large contributions of background radiation arise from cosmic radiation. Background radiation varies throughout the world from 1 to 13 millisieverts a year 3.The following are effective doses of theoretical quantities that were set by the International Commission on Radiation Protection in 2007 they are averages of standard medical imaging examinations and do not pertain to the paediatric population 4,5.
The average background radiation in Australia is1.5 millisieverts (mSv) per year, and this article will use the Australian yearly background radiation as a reference point 3 .
CT examinations
-
head
- 2 mSv | 1.3 years background radiation
-
chest
- 7 mSv | 4.6 years background radiation
-
chest pulmonary angiogram
- 10 mSv | 6.6 years background radiation
-
abdomen and pelvis
- 10 mSv | 6.6 years background radiation
-
coronary angiogram
- 12 mSv | 8 years background radiation
-
PET
- 25 mSv | 16.6 years background radiation
Plain radiographic examinations
-
chest 3
- 0.1 mSv | 24 days background radiation
-
abdomen
- 1.2 mSv | 292 days background radiation
-
spine
- 1.5 mSv | 1 year background radiation
-
extremities
- 0.001 mSv | 6 hours background radiation
-<p>Subjecting a patient to <strong>radiation exposure</strong> is a measured, justified means aiding patient care. Each medical imaging examination utilises ionising radiation adheres to the fundamental principles of <a title="Radiation protection" href="/articles/radiation-protection">radiation protection</a>.<br>The general public's understanding of ionising radiation is limited <sup>1</sup>; this article provides a basic comparison of common medical imaging examinations in contrast to natural background radiation. <br>Background radiation is multifactorial, a significant source of background radiation is due to natural radioactivity within geographical structures, this is defined as terrestrial radiation<sup> 2</sup>. Additionally, large contributions of background radiation arise from cosmic radiation. Background radiation varies throughout the world from 1 to 13 millisieverts a year <sup>3</sup>.<br>The following are effective doses of theoretical quantities that were set by the International Commission on Radiation Protection in 2007 they are averages of standard medical imaging examinations and do not pertain to the paediatric population <sup>4,5</sup>.</p><p>The average background radiation in Australia is<strong> </strong>1.5 millisieverts (mSv) per year, and this article will use the Australian yearly background radiation as a reference point <sup>3</sup> .</p><h4>CT examinations</h4><ul>-<li>head<ul><li>2 mSv | 1.3 years background radiation </li></ul>- +<p>Subjecting a patient to <strong>radiation exposure</strong> is a measured, justified means aiding patient care. Each medical imaging examination utilises ionising radiation adheres to the fundamental principles of <a href="/articles/radiation-protection">radiation protection</a>.<br>The general public's understanding of ionising radiation is limited <sup>1</sup>; this article provides a basic comparison of common medical imaging examinations in contrast to natural background radiation. <br><a title="Background radiation" href="/articles/background-radiation">Background radiation</a> is multifactorial, a significant source of background radiation is due to natural radioactivity within geographical structures, this is defined as terrestrial radiation<sup> 2</sup>. Additionally, large contributions of background radiation arise from cosmic radiation. Background radiation varies throughout the world from 1 to 13 millisieverts a year <sup>3</sup>.<br>The following are <a title="Effective dose" href="/articles/effective-dose">effective doses</a> of theoretical quantities that were set by the International Commission on Radiation Protection in 2007 they are averages of standard medical imaging examinations and do not pertain to the paediatric population <sup>4,5</sup>.</p><p>The average background radiation in Australia is<strong> </strong>1.5 millisieverts (mSv) per year, and this article will use the Australian yearly background radiation as a reference point <sup>3</sup> .</p><h4>CT examinations</h4><ul>
- +<li>
- +<strong>head</strong><ul><li>2 mSv | 1.3 years background radiation </li></ul>
-<li>chest<ul><li>7 mSv | 4.6 years background radiation </li></ul>- +<li>
- +<strong>chest</strong><ul><li>7 mSv | 4.6 years background radiation </li></ul>
-<li>chest pulmonary angiogram <ul><li>10 mSv | 6.6 years background radiation</li></ul>- +<li>
- +<strong>chest pulmonary angiogram </strong><ul><li>10 mSv | 6.6 years background radiation</li></ul>
-<li>abdomen and pelvis <ul><li>10 mSv | 6.6 years background radiation</li></ul>- +<li>
- +<strong>abdomen and pelvis </strong><ul><li>10 mSv | 6.6 years background radiation</li></ul>
-<li>coronary angiogram<ul><li>12 mSv | 8 years background radiation</li></ul>- +<li>
- +<strong>coronary angiogram</strong><ul><li>12 mSv | 8 years background radiation</li></ul>
-<li>PET<ul><li>25 mSv | 16.6 years background radiation</li></ul>- +<li>
- +<strong>PET</strong><ul><li>25 mSv | 16.6 years background radiation</li></ul>
-<li>chest <sup><span style="font-size:10.8333px">3</span> </sup><ul><li>0.1 mSv | 24 days background radiation</li></ul>- +<li>
- +<strong>chest </strong><sup>3 </sup><ul><li>0.1 mSv | 24 days background radiation</li></ul>
-<li>abdomen <ul><li>1.2 mSv | 292 days background radiation</li></ul>- +<li>
- +<strong>abdomen </strong><ul><li>1.2 mSv | 292 days background radiation</li></ul>
-<li>spine <ul><li>1.5 mSv | 1 year background radiation</li></ul>- +<li>
- +<strong>spine </strong><ul><li>1.5 mSv | 1 year background radiation</li></ul>
-<li>extremities <ul><li>0.001 mSv | 6 hours background radiation</li></ul>- +<li>
- +<strong>extremities </strong><ul><li>0.001 mSv | 6 hours background radiation</li></ul>
References changed:
- 1. Coppolino Michael, Andrew L. Avins, Andrew Callen and Walton Sumner. "Quantifying Worry in the Face of Uncertainty: Radiation Exposure from Medical Imaging", 2017.
- 2.Muston, Scott. "Background Radiation Environment in Australia". In ARPS. Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency, 2014. <a href="http://arpsconference.com.au/2014/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/1200-Muston-Scott.pdf" target="_blank">[Link]</a>.
- 3. Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency. Ionising Radiation and Health. Yallambie, 2015.
- 4. Lin EC. Radiation risk from medical imaging. Mayo Clinic proceedings. 85 (12): 1142-6; quiz 1146. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4065/mcp.2010.0260">doi:10.4065/mcp.2010.0260</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21123642">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
- 5. ICRP. "The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection. ICRP publication 103". Annals of the ICRP 37, no. 2-4 (2007): 9-34. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.icrp.2007.10.003" target="_blank">. doi:10.1016/j.icrp.2007.10.003</a>.
- 6. Lin EC. Radiation risk from medical imaging. Mayo Clinic proceedings. 85 (12): 1142-6; quiz 1146. <a href="https://doi.org/10.4065/mcp.2010.0260">doi:10.4065/mcp.2010.0260</a> - <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21123642">Pubmed</a> <span class="ref_v4"></span>
Sections changed:
- Imaging Technology
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