Respiratory chain metabolic toxins
Updates to Article Attributes
Body
was changed:
A number of toxins affect the respiratory chain and result in typical changes within the brain.
Pathology
-
carbon monoxide
- inhibits electron transfer and avidly binds to haemoglobin displacing oxygen
- globus pallidus typically affected
- see: carbon monoxide poisoning
-
methanol
- metabolised to formate
- retina, putamen and subcortical white matter typically affected 2,4
- see: methanol poisoning
-
cyanide
- blocks trivalent iron in the cellular respiratory chain
- typically affects the basal ganglia and cerebral cortex, in particular the striatum 3
- see: cyanide poisoning
Radiographic features
They typically result in hypoxic injury to the basal ganglia, initially manifesting as high T2 signal changes on MRI with associated restricted diffusion on DWI and ADC. The pattern of involvement differs somewhat depending on the toxin, and as such is discussed separately in each condition.
See also
-<a title="Globus pallidus" href="/articles/globus-pallidus">globus pallidus</a> typically affected</li>- +<a href="/articles/globus-pallidus">globus pallidus</a> typically affected</li>
-<a title="retina" href="/articles/retina">retina</a>, <a href="/articles/putamen">putamen</a> and subcortical white matter typically affected <sup>2,4</sup>- +<a href="/articles/retina">retina</a>, <a href="/articles/putamen">putamen</a> and subcortical white matter typically affected <sup>2,4</sup>
-<li>see: <a href="/articles/methanol-poisoning">methanol poisoning</a>- +<li>see: <a title="Methanol poisoning" href="/articles/methanol-poisoning">methanol poisoning</a>
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