Synechiae
Updates to Article Attributes
Synechiae (singular: synechia, alternative plural: synechias) are another term for adhesions, which in radiological contexts usually relates to bands of scar tissue between structures, e.g. within the abdominal cavity or pleural cavity or within the uterus.
Pathology
Synechia can be found throughout the body:
ocular synechia: iris adheres to the cornea or lens, usually as a result of inflammation
-
nasal synechiae
adhesions between the lateral and medial (septal) walls of the nostril and usually
occursoccur post-surgery (e.g. FESS) or due to physical traumaadditional causes include chronic and recurrent nasal infections, nasogastric tube insertions, and post-cauterisation for bleeding
vocal cord synechiae: scar tissue that prevents vocal cord function due to tethering and bridging of the vocal cords
-
uterine synechiae
may occur due to curettage (repeated), chronic infections, caesarian delivery or myomectomy
Asherman syndrome is characterised by dysmenorrhoea, infertility and placental abnormalities and occurs due to uterine scarring and synechiae
vulvar synechiae:bridge(s) of tissue (skin) uniting the labia minora of the vulva; it is theorised that this condition occurs due to low oestrogen in prepubertal girls; poor hygiene and chronic dermal irritation may also predispose to developing vulvar synechaie
penile syenchiae: tight attachment of the penile foreskin to the glans penis often a physiological and normal phenomenon in newborn infants and up to three years of age
venous synechiae: develop post-deep venous thrombosis following recanalisation and remodelling of the thrombus with the identification of a residual fibrous membrane or band within the lumen
History and etymology
While adhesions have a Latin origin meaning 'sticking to' (compare the common English word 'adhesive'), synechiae are essentially the Greek equivalent, where συνέχεια/sunekheia means to hold (ἔχειν/ekhein) together (σύν/sun). Interestingly, the English word synechia is a Latinised version of the original Greek with one of the accepted plurals (synechiae) following the pattern of a first declension female Latin word – the actual Greek plural would be synechies (συνέχειες). This is a pattern that can be seen in other terms with non-Latin origins.
-<p><strong>Synechiae</strong> (singular: synechia, alternative plural: synechias) are another term for adhesions, which in radiological contexts usually relates to bands of scar tissue between structures, e.g. within the <a href="/articles/abdominal-adhesions">abdominal cavity</a> or <a href="/articles/pleural-adhesions">pleural cavity</a> or within the <a href="/articles/asherman-syndrome">uterus</a>.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Synechia can be found throughout the body:</p><ul>-<li><p><strong>ocular synechia</strong>: iris adheres to the cornea or lens, usually as a result of inflammation</p></li>-<li>-<p><strong>nasal synechiae</strong></p>-<ul>-<li><p>adhesions between the lateral and medial (septal) walls of the nostril and usually occurs post-surgery (e.g. <a href="/articles/functional-endoscopic-sinus-surgery-1" title="FESS">FESS</a>) or due to physical trauma</p></li>-<li><p>additional causes include chronic and recurrent nasal infections, <a href="/articles/nasogastric-tube-positioning" title="Nasogastric tube positioning">nasogastric tube</a> insertions, and post-cauterisation for bleeding</p></li>-</ul>-</li>-<li><p><strong>vocal cord synechiae</strong>: scar tissue that prevents <a href="/articles/true-vocal-cords" title="True vocal cords">vocal cord</a> function due to tethering and bridging of the vocal cords</p></li>-<li>-<p><strong>uterine synechiae</strong> </p>-<ul>-<li><p>may occur due to curettage (repeated), chronic infections, caesarian delivery or myomectomy</p></li>-<li><p><a href="/articles/asherman-syndrome" title="Asherman syndrome">Asherman syndrome</a> is characterised by dysmenorrhoea, infertility and placental abnormalities and occurs due to uterine scarring and synechiae</p></li>-</ul>-</li>-<li><p><strong>vulvar synechiae</strong>:<strong> </strong>bridge(s) of tissue (skin) uniting the labia minora of the vulva; it is theorised that this condition occurs due to low oestrogen in prepubertal girls; poor hygiene and chronic dermal irritation may also predispose to developing vulvar synechaie</p></li>-<li><p><strong>penile syenchiae</strong>: tight attachment of the penile foreskin to the glans penis often a physiological and normal phenomenon in newborn infants and up to three years of age</p></li>-<li><p><strong>venous synechiae: </strong>develop post-<a href="/articles/deep-vein-thrombosis" title="Deep venous thrombosis">deep venous thrombosis</a> following recanalisation and remodelling of the thrombus with the identification of a residual fibrous membrane or band within the lumen</p></li>- +<p><strong>Synechiae</strong> (singular: synechia, alternative plural: synechias) are another term for adhesions, which in radiological contexts usually relates to bands of scar tissue between structures, e.g. within the <a href="/articles/abdominal-adhesions">abdominal cavity</a> or <a href="/articles/pleural-adhesions">pleural cavity</a> or within the <a href="/articles/asherman-syndrome">uterus</a>.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>Synechia can be found throughout the body:</p><ul>
- +<li><p><strong>ocular synechia</strong>: iris adheres to the cornea or lens, usually as a result of inflammation</p></li>
- +<li>
- +<p><strong>nasal synechiae</strong></p>
- +<ul>
- +<li><p>adhesions between the lateral and medial (septal) walls of the nostril and usually occur post-surgery (e.g. <a href="/articles/functional-endoscopic-sinus-surgery-1" title="FESS">FESS</a>) or due to physical trauma</p></li>
- +<li><p>additional causes include chronic and recurrent nasal infections, <a href="/articles/nasogastric-tube-positioning" title="Nasogastric tube positioning">nasogastric tube</a> insertions, and post-cauterisation for bleeding</p></li>
- +</ul>
- +</li>
- +<li><p><strong>vocal cord synechiae</strong>: scar tissue that prevents <a href="/articles/true-vocal-cords" title="True vocal cords">vocal cord</a> function due to tethering and bridging of the vocal cords</p></li>
- +<li>
- +<p><strong>uterine synechiae</strong></p>
- +<ul>
- +<li><p>may occur due to curettage (repeated), chronic infections, caesarian delivery or myomectomy</p></li>
- +<li><p><a href="/articles/asherman-syndrome" title="Asherman syndrome">Asherman syndrome</a> is characterised by dysmenorrhoea, infertility and placental abnormalities and occurs due to uterine scarring and synechiae</p></li>
- +</ul>
- +</li>
- +<li><p><strong>vulvar synechiae</strong>:<strong> </strong>bridge(s) of tissue (skin) uniting the labia minora of the vulva; it is theorised that this condition occurs due to low oestrogen in prepubertal girls; poor hygiene and chronic dermal irritation may also predispose to developing vulvar synechaie</p></li>
- +<li><p><strong>penile syenchiae</strong>: tight attachment of the penile foreskin to the glans penis often a physiological and normal phenomenon in newborn infants and up to three years of age</p></li>
- +<li><p><strong>venous synechiae: </strong>develop post-<a href="/articles/deep-vein-thrombosis" title="Deep venous thrombosis">deep venous thrombosis</a> following recanalisation and remodelling of the thrombus with the identification of a residual fibrous membrane or band within the lumen</p></li>
Image 1 Ultrasound (Longitudinal) ( create )
Image 2 Ultrasound (Longitudinal) ( create )
Image 3 Ultrasound ( create )
Image 4 Fluoroscopy ( create )
Image 5 Fluoroscopy (HSG) ( create )
Image 6 Fluoroscopy (axial HSG) ( create )
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