Endometriosis - bowel (typical)

Case contributed by Glen Lo
Diagnosis almost certain

Presentation

? Bowel endometriosis. Previous hysterectomy. Intermittent PV bleeding. Previous ultrasound report suggested endometriosis of the vaginal vault with possibly a small bowel nodule.

Patient Data

Age: 35
Gender: Female

Anterior compartment: Normal.

MIddle compartment

Uterus : Previous subtotal hysterectomy with cervix remaining. Tethering of the posterior cervix to a large infiltrating deep endometriotic deposit measuring at least 30 x 32 mm This tethers the cervix to the anterior rectum with tethering of adjacent small bowel.

Right ovary: ovarian tissue without follicular activity is seen medial to the CIA bifurcation

Left ovary: positioned high, without follicular activity or endometrioma.

Vagina: vault involved by the torus DIE.

Posterior compartment:

Rectosigmoid: at 170 mm from anal opening is a 32 x 13 mm typical mushroom-shaped DIE

bowel endometriosis which fixes the bowel to the residual cervix and a 30 mm PoD multilocular cystic mass that contains blood products.

Pelvic small bowel: right pelvic 11 mm multilocular mass fixed to small bowel with T2-shaded

but not T1 bright content, immediately superior to the endometrioma fixed to the R USL/vault/

rectosigmoid.

PoD: obliterated

Torus: hysterectomy.

USL: right USL 25 x 17 mm T2 dark nodule fixed to pelvic and bowel DIE. Left at least

superficial tethering.

RVS: normal

Upper Abdomen: no diaphragmatic endometriosis seen.

Incidental findings: None.

Case Discussion

The MRI confirms a typical mushroom-shaped rectosigmoid DIE (bowel endometriosis), under-measured on MRI due to imaging planes (42 mm on TVUS). This fixes the bowel to the cervix/vaginal vault/multilocular right ovary endometriotic mass and is a likely cause of the post coital PV bleeding and deep dyspareunia. The right ovarian tissue extends towards the common iliac artery bifurcation and there is adjacent small bowel tethering and a second 11 mm endometriotic cystic mass. No upper abdominal endometriosis is identified.

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