Search results for “subarachnoid hemorrhage”
178 results found
Article
Meningeal melanocytoma
Meningeal melanocytomas are rare benign primary melanocytic tumours of the CNS that are derived from leptomeningeal melanocytes. They can occur anywhere along the neuraxis but are most commonly found in the spinal canal near the foramen magnum, as well as the posterior cranial fossa, Meckel cave...
Article
Abducens nerve palsy
Abducens nerve palsy, or sixth nerve palsy, results in weakness of the ipsilateral lateral rectus muscle.
Clinical presentation
Patients present with horizontal diplopia with an inability to abduct the ipsilateral eye, thereby resulting in an esotropia (nasal deviation of the eye).
Pathology
...
Article
Myocardial injury
Myocardial injury is defined by an elevation of cardiac troponin values above the 99th percentile upper reference limit. It is considered a prerequisite for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction but also an entity in itself and can arise from non-ischaemic or non-cardiac conditions 1,2.
Termin...
Article
Depressed skull fracture
Depressed skull fractures result in the bone of the skull vault being folded (depressed) inward into the cerebral parenchyma. It is usually the result of a high energy impact to the skull.
Pathology
These mostly (~75%) occur in the frontoparietal region 3.
Associations
There are a number of ...
Article
Marshall classification of traumatic brain injury
The Marshall classification of traumatic brain injury is a CT scan derived metric using only a few features and has been shown to predict outcome in patients with traumatic brain injury.
This system was first published in 1992 1 building on findings from a large cohort of head injury cases des...
Article
Coup de poignard of Michon
Coup de poignard of Michon refers to spinal subarachnoid haemorrhage, usually as a result of a spinal arteriovenous malformation (AVM).
Clinical presentation
Presentation is with sudden excruciating back pain, akin to being stabbed with a dagger (poignard is French for dagger). It is the corol...
Article
Sickle cell disease (cerebral manifestations)
Cerebral manifestations of sickle cell disease contribute significantly to the overall morbidity of the disease. Sickle cell disease is among the most common causes of stroke in the paediatric population.
For a general discussion of sickle cell disease, please refer to sickle cell disease.
Epi...
Article
Cerebral angiography
Cerebral angiography is an interventional procedure for the diagnosis and/or treatment of intracranial pathology.
Indications
Cerebral digital subtraction angiography (DSA) is indicated in a variety of settings including:
diagnosis and treatment of:
aneurysms 1
acute ischaemic stroke
vascu...
Article
Hunt and Hess grading system
The Hunt and Hess scale describes the clinical severity of subarachnoid haemorrhage resulting from the rupture of an intracerebral aneurysm and is used as a predictor of survival.
grade 1
asymptomatic or minimal headache and slight neck stiffness
70% survival
grade 2
moderate to severe head...
Article
Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCCs)
Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCCs) represent a collection of disparate conditions that can cause signal change in the corpus callosum, usually involving the splenium.
Terminology
The term cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCCs) has been proposed 12 as a more precise d...
Article
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (neurological manifestations)
Neurological manifestations of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) are common, more often in patients who are ANCA positive and most frequently manifesting as peripheral neuropathy, although central nervous system involvement is also encountered 1,2.
Epidemiology
For a general...
Article
Curriculum
The Radiopaedia.org curricula aim to set out what constitutes core knowledge, as a helpful aid to study. These are set out by system.
We operationally define core knowledge as important topics that all general radiologists and senior registrars should have a broad working knowledge of. These c...
Article
Giant cerebral aneurysm
Giant cerebral aneurysms are ones that measure >25 mm in greatest dimension.
Epidemiology
Giant cerebral aneurysms account for ~5% of all intracranial aneurysms 1,3. They occur in the 5th-7th decades and are more common in females 2.
Clinical presentation
Patients can present with symptoms ...
Article
Serpentine aneurysm
Serpentine aneurysm is a rare subtype of intracranial aneurysm with a distinct appearance. It consists of a partially thrombosed giant intracranial aneurysm (≥ 25 mm) traversed by a patent serpiginous intra-aneurysmal vascular channel. This vascular channel has an entry and an exit point, differ...
Article
Medical abbreviations and acronyms (N)
This article contains a list of commonly used medical abbreviations and acronyms that start with the letter N and may be encountered in medicine and radiology (please keep the main list and any sublists in alphabetic order).
A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R ...
Article
Carotid artery stenosis
Carotid artery stenosis, also known as extracranial carotid artery stenosis, is usually caused by an atherosclerotic process and is one of the major causes of stroke and transient ischaemic attack (TIA).
This article refers to stenosis involving the carotid bulb and the proximal segment of int...
Article
Medical abbreviations and acronyms (P)
This article contains a list of commonly used medical abbreviations and acronyms that start with the letter P and may be encountered in medicine and radiology (please keep the main list and any sublists in alphabetic order).
A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K - L - M - N - O - P - Q - R ...
Article
Obstructive hydrocephalus
Obstructive hydrocephalus is a term usually used to denote obstructive non-communicating hydrocephalus.
It is actually a term that causes confusion as used in the above sense implies that communicating hydrocephalus does not have an obstruction to CSF flow/absorption; this is not true as the m...
Article
Lateral apertures (of Luschka)
The lateral apertures (of Luschka) (also known as the foramina of Luschka) are two of the foramina in the ventricular system and link the fourth ventricle to the cerebellopontine cistern. Together with the median aperture (of Magendie) they comprise two of the three sites that CSF can leave the ...
Article
Intracranial arterial beading
Intracranial arterial beading represents alternating areas of constriction in the intracranial arteries that gives the appearance of beads strung together.
Differential diagnosis
The various conditions where this may be seen are:
cerebral vasculitis
radiation therapy
cerebral vasospasm post...
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