Search results for “multiple sclerosis”
433 results found
Article
K-trans (MR perfusion)
Ktrans is a measure of capillary permeability obtained using dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MR perfusion. It is calculated by measuring the accumulation of gadolinium-based contrast agent in the extravascular-extracellular space.
Increased permeability of vessels in the brain is seen in a var...
Article
Nervus intermedius neuralgia
Nervus intermedius neuralgia, or geniculate neuralgia, corresponds to a clinical manifestation of sudden paroxysms of excruciating otalgia which usually lasts a few seconds to a few minutes, involving the nervus intermedius (intermediate nerve of Wrisberg).
Epidemiology
Nervus intermedius neur...
Playlist
6b_141 Multiple Sclerosis and Mimics
4 cases
No description provided
Article
Multiple sclerosis (summary)
This is a basic article for medical students and other non-radiologists
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating condition affecting the central nervous system. Diagnosis requires good history, clinical examination, appropriate imaging, and laboratory tests (cerebrospinal fluid for Ig...
Article
Trigeminal nerve stimulator
Trigeminal nerve stimulators are devices intended for the treatment of trigeminal neuropathic pain (e.g. trigeminal neuralgia, post-herpetic, post-surgical, multiple sclerosis-associated trigeminal neuropathies), although evidence is lacking and implantation of devices, for this reason, is consi...
Article
Cuneate fasciculus
The cuneate fasciculus, also known as the fasciculus cuneatus (plural: fasciculi cuneati) or column of Burdach, represents the lateral portion of the dorsal columns and carries input from between and including C1 and T6 1.
Function
The cuneate fasciculus is responsible for transmitting vibrat...
Article
MAGNIMS consensus on MRI diagnosis of multiple sclerosis
The magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis (MAGNIMS), which is a European collaborative research network, published in 2016 new recommendations to upgrade the imaging diagnosis criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS). These came as a consensus, based on evidence-based and expert opinions ...
Playlist
Neuro: White Matter Diseases
12 cases
No description provided
Article
Schilder type multiple sclerosis
Schilder disease, also known as diffuse myelinoclastic sclerosis or diffuse cerebral sclerosis, is considered a variant of multiple sclerosis, and represents an extremely rare progressive demyelinating process that begins in childhood 1,4.
Epidemiology
The disease is extremely rare with less ...
Article
Opticospinal multiple sclerosis
Opticospinal multiple sclerosis (OSMS) is a demyelinating disease and has been considered a variant of multiple sclerosis (MS) encountered in Asian populations, who are generally rarely affected by normal multiple sclerosis. It has similar clinical and imaging features to neuromyelitis optica (N...
Article
White matter disorders
White matter diseases are a group of conditions that predominantly or significantly affect the white matter of the brain. They comprise a vast heterogeneous group and have a variety of appearances and presentations. They cause disease by altering the process of normal myelination.
Useful group...
Article
Clinically isolated syndrome
Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is the first episode suggestive of demyelination 1,2. It can either be monofocal (single lesion) or multifocal 1,2. Not all patients with CIS will go on to develop multiple sclerosis however if at presentation there are changes on MRI suggestive of MS, then the...
Article
Rubrospinal tract
The rubrospinal tract contains neurons that carry signals from the corticorubral tract. The tract is thought to excite flexor muscles and inhibit extensor muscles.
Gross anatomy
Central connections
The magnocellular portion of the red nucleus gives rise to the rubrospinal tract. It decussates...
Article
Callososeptal interface
The callososeptal interface is located on the inferior surface of the corpus callosum, where the septum pellucidum abuts it.
It came to radiological attention when T2 hyperintense lesions affecting this region were believed to be specific for multiple sclerosis. This has, as is usually the cas...
Article
Hypomelanotic macules
Hypomelanotic macules are otherwise known as ash-leaf spots due to their resemblance to Sorbus aucuparia, or mountain-ash, leaves. These macules have a strong association with tuberous sclerosis and are often multiple and present in the vast majority of individuals with the condition (up to 97% ...
Article
Rosenthal fibers
Rosenthal fibers are astrocytic cytoplasmic inclusions, typically found in areas of longstanding gliosis. These elongated or "corkscrew" structures occur within astrocytic processes and are brightly eosinophilic (stain bright pink on the H&E stain) 1-3. They represent astrocytic processes swolle...
Article
Man-in-the-barrel syndrome
Man-in-the-barrel syndrome is a neurological syndrome characterized by bilateral brachial muscular weakness.
Pathology
This syndrome is usually caused by bilateral cerebral lesions in the border zone between the anterior and middle cerebral arteries.
Etiology
The syndrome has been described ...
Article
Fibrocartilaginous embolism
Fibrocartilaginous embolism (also known as nucleus pulposus embolism) is a rare cause of spinal cord ischemia due to embolization of nucleus pulposus material from intervertebral disc in a retrograde direction into a spinal artery or vein.
Fibrocartilaginous embolism is a diagnosis of suspicion...
Playlist
Multiple Sclerosis
4 cases
No description provided
Article
Lhermitte sign (spinal cord)
Lhermitte sign or the barber chair phenomenon is an electrical shock sensation running down the spine and into the limb on neck flexion. It suggests compression of the upper cervical spinal cord and/or brainstem.
Pathology
It is typically seen with multiple sclerosis but is also associated wit...
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