Items tagged “sports medicine”
49 results found
Article
Sports injuries: overhead elbow
Overhead elbow sports injuries are a group of pathologies seen in sports activities with overhead throwing or strokes, e.g. tennis, volleyball, baseball, javelin throwing. There has been a tremendous increase in the number of participants in these sports activities worldwide.
Pathology
During ...
Article
Little leaguer's elbow
The little leaguer's elbow was initially coined to describe medial epicondyle avulsion, but more recently it refers to a range of acquired elbow abnormalities in a skeletally immature patient engaged in overhead sports such as tennis, baseball, etc.
Epidemiology
It occurs in skeletally immatur...
Article
Pivot shift test
The pivot shift test forms part of the orthopedic examination of a post-traumatic knee. A positive test shows high specificity for injury of the anterior cruciate ligament.
Procedure
The pivot shift test is performed on a supine patient.
At the start the subject's knee is permitted to droop ...
Article
Cuboid syndrome
Cuboid syndrome is a cause of lateral midfoot pain, believed to result from abnormal articulation of the cuboid with the calcaneus (calcaneocuboid joint).
Clinical presentation
Cuboid syndrome presents with lateral foot pain and swelling, often diffuse and similar to an ankle (ligament) sprain...
Article
Extensor carpi ulnaris tendinopathy
Extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) tendinopathy is varied and includes tendinosis, (stenosing) tenosynovitis, tendon instability, and (rarely) rupture.
Epidemiology
Athletes at increased risk of ECU tendinopathy include those who participate in 1,2:
racquet sports, e.g. tennis
club sports, e...
Article
Posterolateral rotatory instability of the elbow
Posterolateral rotatory instability (PLRI) of the elbow is the most common pattern of elbow instability, most commonly seen following posterior elbow dislocation 1. It is characterized by 2-4:
posterolateral subluxation/dislocation of the radial head relative to the capitellum
posterior displa...
Article
Osborne-Cotterill lesion
Osborne-Cotterill lesions represent a shear or depression fracture of the posteroinferior aspect of the capitellum and an avulsed fragment in posterolateral elbow most commonly seen in patients with chronic posterolateral rotatory instability.
Pathology
It is thought to be due to posterolater...
Article
Triceps tendinopathy
Triceps tendinopathy is the least common tendon injury of the elbow, and most commonly presents as rupture.
Epidemiology
There is a male predominance 1.
Pathology
Triceps tendinopathy can range from tendinosis through to complete triceps tendon rupture 1,2.
Rupture most commonly occurs at ...
Article
Tendinopathy
Tendinopathy has been defined as "persistent tendon pain and loss of function related to mechanical loading" 7 but is also used as a broad term used to describe any problem involving a tendon.
Epidemiology
The prevalence of tendinopathy in the general population is 2-5%. Active and sporting in...
Article
Tendinosis
Tendinosis (plural: tendinoses) is a term used to refer to the chronic degeneration of a tendon with damage at the cellular level.
Terminology
There is significant overlap in the use of tendinosis and tendinopathy, with the terms often used interchangeably in clinical practice. Tendinosis has...
Article
Olecranon stress fracture
Olecranon stress fractures are one of the three types of fractures that may occur in the olecranon in throwing and overhead athletes 1.
Epidemiology
Olecranon stress fractures predominantly occur in throwing and overhead athletes including sports such as baseball, gymnastics, weight lifting, t...
Article
Popliteus tendinopathy
Popliteus tendinopathy is a knee injury that typically occurs in combination with other traumatic injuries of the lateral knee, especially posterolateral corner structures, posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), and meniscus 1. Less commonly, the tendinopathy may be secondary to non-traumatic causes...
Article
Distal tibiofibular syndesmosis injury
Distal tibiofibular syndesmosis injuries are a relatively frequent ankle injury, although less common than a fracture or lateral ankle sprain. They are estimated to comprise ~10% (range 1-20%) of ankle injuries.
Epidemiology
Associations
anterior talofibular ligament injury
fracture / bone ...
Article
Muscle injury
Muscle injuries is a broad term encompassing many pathologies and these are common injuries in both elite and amateur athletes as well as in the general population.
Clinical presentation
Typically, muscle injuries present with pain and loss of function. Clinically, they can be graded as 1:
...
Article
Muscle tear
Muscle tears or strains are common injuries, both in athletes and non-athletes.
Terminology
Muscle strain is a term that is used variably clinically and in the medical literature. The Munich consensus statement (expert level evidence) states muscle tear is the preferred term denoting "structu...
Article
Ischial avulsion injury
Ischial avulsion injuries are considered the most severe hamstring injury.
Epidemiology
These are rare injuries and are more common in adolescents than in adults 2.
Pathology
In adolescents, the injury involves avulsion of the apophysis causing a small fragment of bone to detach 2.
In adu...
Article
Tensor fasciae lata tendinopathy
Tensor fasciae lata tendinopathy is one of the pathologies that can occur with the tensor fasciae lata tendon.
Clinical presentation
Patients may present with anterior groin pain.
Radiographic features
Ultrasound
May show loss of normal thin ribbon-like appearance with a clearly defined fib...
Article
Sports injuries: snowsports
Snowsport injuries cover a broad range of activities from skiing and snowboarding to recreational play (e.g. tobogganing, tubing).
Epidemiology
Snowsports are popular with over 70 million people globally participating each year 1. While the injury rate varies depending on location, a rough ave...
Article
Symphyseal cleft injection
Symphyseal cleft injections (symphysography) are performed as both diagnostic and therapeutic measures for patients with (suspected) osteitis pubis, usually under CT or fluoroscopy.
Indications
suspected or confirmed osteitis pubis
Contraindications
factors to be considered as per any muscu...
Article
Ramp lesion (meniscus)
Ramp lesions are defined as a vertical (longitudinal) tear of the peripheral capsular attachment of the posterior horn of the medial meniscus at the meniscocapsular junction 1. As it is a minor injury and has a hidden location using standard anterolateral and anteromedial arthroscopic portals, i...
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