Conus medullaris syndrome
Updates to Article Attributes
Conus medullaris syndrome is caused due toby and injury or insult to the conus medullaris and lumbar nerve roots. It is a clinical subset of spinal cord injury syndromes. Injuries at the level of T12 to S2 vertebrae are most likely to result in conus medullaris syndrome.
Pathology
The conus medullaris lies in close proximity to nerve roots and injury to this region results in combined upper motor neurone and lower motor neurone features
Conus medullaris injury can result most commonly from:
- lumbar canal stenosis due to herniation of intervertebral disc(s)
- trauma
- direct
- traumatic spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis.
Clinical presentation
Patients present with a combination of upper and lower motor neurone palsies and similar features as cauda equina syndrome, which include:
- saddle anaesthesia
- loss of bladder reflex: urinary retention
- loss of bowel reflex: incontinence
- lower limb motor weakness, paraesthesia and numbness
- chronic lower backache
Treatment and prognosis
PrognosisThe prognosis depends upon presentation of patient, early diagnosis and treatment may facilitate improvement in symptoms. OnlyApproximately 10% of patient's may regain functional improvement who present with chronic duration of disease.
-<p><strong>Conus medullaris syndrome </strong>is caused due to injury to the <a title="Conus medullaris" href="/articles/conus-medullaris">conus medullaris</a> and lumbar nerve roots. It is a clinical subset of <a title="Spinal cord injury" href="/articles/spinal-cord-injury">spinal cord injury</a> syndromes. Injuries at the level of T12 to S2 vertebrae most likely to result in conus medullaris syndrome.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>The conus medullaris lies in close proximity to nerve roots and injury to this region results in combined upper motor neurone and lower motor neurone features</p><p>Conus medullaris can result most commonly from:</p><ul>- +<p><strong>Conus medullaris syndrome </strong>is caused by and injury or insult to the <a href="/articles/conus-medullaris">conus medullaris</a> and lumbar nerve roots. It is a clinical subset of <a href="/articles/spinal-cord-injury">spinal cord injury</a> syndromes. Injuries at the level of T12 to S2 vertebrae are most likely to result in conus medullaris syndrome.</p><h4>Pathology</h4><p>The conus medullaris lies in close proximity to nerve roots and injury to this region results in combined upper motor neurone and lower motor neurone features</p><p>Conus medullaris injury can result most commonly from:</p><ul>
-<li>traumatic <a title="Spondylolysis" href="/articles/spondylolysis">spondylolysis</a> and <a title="Spondylolisthesis" href="/articles/spondylolisthesis-1">spondylolisthesis</a>.</li>- +<li>traumatic <a href="/articles/spondylolysis">spondylolysis</a> and <a href="/articles/spondylolisthesis-1">spondylolisthesis</a>.</li>
-</ul><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Patients present with a combination of upper and lower motor neurone palsies and similar features as <a title="Cauda equina syndrome" href="/articles/cauda-equina-syndrome">cauda equina syndrome</a>, which include:</p><ul>- +</ul><h4>Clinical presentation</h4><p>Patients present with a combination of upper and lower motor neurone palsies and similar features as <a href="/articles/cauda-equina-syndrome">cauda equina syndrome</a>, which include:</p><ul>
-</ul><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p>Prognosis depends upon presentation of patient, early diagnosis and treatment facilitate improvement in symptoms. Only 10% patient regain functional improvement who present with chronic duration of disease.</p><p> </p>- +</ul><h4>Treatment and prognosis</h4><p>The prognosis depends upon presentation of patient, early diagnosis and treatment may facilitate improvement in symptoms. Approximately 10% of patient's may regain functional improvement.</p><p> </p>
References changed:
- 3.
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