F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose
Updates to Article Attributes
Body
was changed:
F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is the most common PET radiotracer.
Structure
The radiopharmaceutical consists of the fluorine-18 radionuclide substituting the hydroxyl group at the C-2 position of glucose. The IUPAC chemical name is 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoroglucose.
Production
F-18 fluoride ion is created in a cyclotron and then converted via an automated chemistry module into F-18 FDG.
Pharmacokinetics
- physical half-life: 110 minutes
- excretion: renal
Biodistribution
High physiologic uptake is commonly seen in the following organs:
- brain (always)
- kidneys and bladder (due to urinary excretion)
-
muscles
- myocardium (especially left ventricular)
- skeletal muscle (in extremities after strenuous activity, in mouth and larynx after speech or chewing)
- gastrointestinal mucosa
Other sites of normal uptake are less common or less intense:
- brown fat (especially in the neck and mediastinum)
- hematopoietic tissue such as Waldeyer ring, thymus, and bone marrow
- lactating breasts
- liver
- spleen
Clinical uses
-
brain
- identification of foci associated with epileptic seizures
- evaluation of suspected Alzheimer dementia
-
whole body
- cancer staging and surveillance
- evaluation of patients with fever of unknown origin
-
cardiac
- identification of viable and ischemic myocardium
-<p><strong>F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose </strong><strong>(FDG)</strong> is the most common <a href="/articles/pet-radiotracers">PET radiotracer</a>.</p><h4>Structure</h4><p>The radiopharmaceutical consists of the <a href="/articles/fluorine-18">fluorine-18</a> radionuclide substituting the hydroxyl group at the C-2 position of glucose. The <a href="/articles/iupac">IUPAC</a> chemical name is 2-deoxy-2-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoroglucose.</p>- +<p><strong>F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose </strong><strong>(FDG)</strong> is the most common <a href="/articles/pet-radiotracers">PET radiotracer</a>.</p><h4>Structure</h4><p>The radiopharmaceutical consists of the <a href="/articles/fluorine-18">fluorine-18</a> radionuclide substituting the hydroxyl group at the C-2 position of glucose. The <a href="/articles/iupac">IUPAC</a> chemical name is 2-deoxy-2-[<sup>18</sup>F]fluoroglucose.</p><h4>Production</h4><p>F-18 fluoride ion is created in a cyclotron and then converted via an automated chemistry module into F-18 FDG.</p><h4>Pharmacokinetics</h4><ul>
- +<li>physical half-life: 110 minutes</li>
- +<li>excretion: renal</li>
- +</ul><h4>Biodistribution</h4><p>High physiologic uptake is commonly seen in the following organs:</p><ul>
- +<li>
- +<a href="/articles/brain">brain</a> (always)</li>
- +<li>kidneys and bladder (due to urinary excretion)</li>
- +<li>muscles<ul>
- +<li>myocardium (especially left ventricular)</li>
- +<li>skeletal muscle (in extremities after strenuous activity, in mouth and larynx after speech or chewing)</li>
- +</ul>
- +</li>
- +<li>gastrointestinal mucosa</li>
- +</ul><p>Other sites of normal uptake are less common or less intense:</p><ul>
- +<li>
- +<a href="/articles/brown-adipose-tissue-1">brown fat</a> (especially in the neck and mediastinum)</li>
- +<li>hematopoietic tissue such as <a title="Waldeyer's ring" href="/articles/waldeyers-ring-1">Waldeyer ring</a>, <a href="/articles/thymus">thymus</a>, and <a href="/articles/bone-marrow">bone marrow</a>
- +</li>
- +<li>lactating breasts</li>
- +<li><a title="Liver" href="/articles/liver">liver</a></li>
- +<li><a title="Spleen" href="/articles/spleen-1">spleen</a></li>
- +</ul><h4>Clinical uses</h4><ul>
- +<li>brain<ul>
- +<li>identification of foci associated with <a title="Epilepsy" href="/articles/epilepsy">epileptic seizures</a>
- +</li>
- +<li>evaluation of suspected <a title="Alzheimer dementia" href="/articles/alzheimer-disease-1">Alzheimer dementia</a>
- +</li>
- +</ul>
- +</li>
- +<li>whole body<ul>
- +<li>cancer staging and surveillance</li>
- +<li>evaluation of patients with <a title="Fever of unknown origin" href="/articles/pyrexia-of-unknown-origin">fever of unknown origin</a>
- +</li>
- +</ul>
- +</li>
- +<li>cardiac<ul><li>identification of <a title="Myocardial perfusion and viability" href="/articles/myocardial-perfusion-and-viability">viable and ischemic myocardium</a>
- +</li></ul>
- +</li>
- +</ul>
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